电网风电接纳能力建模及影响因素分析

doi:10.11985/2016.07.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

风电出力的特殊性和电网调峰能力的不足导致了弃风问题的出现,合理调度和改善电源结构是解决风电接纳问题的有效途径。本文建立了包含传统水火电机组、风电、储能系统（ESS）以及外送通道在内的机组组合模型,将火电机组发电成本和弃风惩罚费用纳入目标函数,综合考虑了各种运行约束条件,得到兼顾发电成本和风电接纳的优化方案。以某省级电网为例,详细讨论了解耦供热机组“以热定电”运行方式、储能、外送通道和灵活性机组对风电年度上网电量的影响,结果表明,解耦供热机组“以热定电”运行方式、配置储能、增加外送和灵活机组均能提高电网对风电的接纳能力。

关键词: 风电接纳能力, 年度计划, 以热定电, 储能, 外送通道, 灵活性机组

Abstract:

The specificity of wind power and lack of peak regulation led to the problem of abandoned wind, Reasonable dispatch and ameliorate the power structure is an effective way to solve the problem of wind power’s acceptance. The paper established the unit commitment contains traditional thermalpower and hydropower power, wind power, energy storage system (ESS), and delivery channels, thermal power generation cost and abandoned wind penalty costs are included in the objective function, considering the variety of operationalconstraints, to get the optimization taking into account the cost of power generation and acceptance of wind power. Based on an actual provincial power grid, discussed influences of wind power’s the annual electricity with decoupling the constraint of “power determined by heat” , energy storage system, delivery channels and flexible generating units, the results show that decoupling the constraint of “power determined by heat” , energy storage system, delivery channels and flexible generating units can all improve power grid’s ability of admitting wind power.

Key words: The ability of admitting wind power, annual planning, power determined by heat, energy storage system, delivery channels, flexible generating units

中图分类号:

TM73

丁明,刘新宇,朱乾龙,石文辉. 电网风电接纳能力建模及影响因素分析[J]. 电气工程学报, 2016, 11(7): 1-8.

Ming Ding,Xinyu Liu,Qianlong Zhu,Wenhui Shi. Research on the Model and Influences of Power Grid’s Ability of Admitting Wind Power[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2016, 11(7): 1-8.

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机组类型	装机比重(%)	平均调峰能力(%)
机组类型	装机比重(%)	供热期	非供热期
凝汽式火电机组	18.5	40	40
抽汽式火电机组	55.5	15	40
库容式水电机组	3	100	100
风电机组	23	0	0

惩罚系数 /（￥/MW·h）	风电接纳量 /(MW·h)	弃风量 /(MW·h)	运行费用 /￥	火电机组起停次数
500	12 551 308	3 831 039	829 776 838	1 255
1 000	12 553 074	3 829 273	829 826 808	1 263
3 000	12 553 835	3 828 512	829 806 969	1 271
5 000	12 554 107	3 828 240	829 827 216	1 250
10 000	12 554 107	3 828 240	829 947 841	1 266
100 000	12 554 203	3 828 144	830 060 929	2 304
只考虑风电接纳	12 554 217	3 828 130	880 690 912	9 495
只考虑经济性	12 537 054	3 845 293	829 757 802	1 145

参数	数值
风电接纳电量/(MW·h)	12 554 107
弃风率(%)	23.37
风电限电小时数/h	3 223
风电利用小时数/h	1 499
平均并网功率/MW	1 432
供热期限电小时占比(%)	96.9
非供热期限电小时占比(%)	3.1
供热期限电量占比(%)	99.5
非供热期限电量占比(%)	0.5

外送功率 /MW	风电接纳电量 /(MW·h)	弃风率 (%)	运行费用 /￥	起停次数
0	12 554 107	23.37	829 827 216	1 250
500	13 800 505	15.76	864 942 351	1 300
1 000	14 791 669	9.7	902 680 737	1 370
1 500	15 502 890	5.37	943 170 983	1 416

供热机组平均调峰能力(%)	风电接纳电量/(MW·h)	弃风率(%)
15	12 554 107	23.37
20	13 324 188	18.67
25	13 906 539	15.11
30	14 244 877	13.05
35	14 505 343	11.45