基于波束形成的变压器噪声成像技术研究与应用*

doi:10.11985/2024.01.031

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

作为变电站中最为昂贵和重要的设备，变压器一直是科研人员的研究重点对象。目前对变压器噪声源识别的相关研究较少，因此结合波束形成技术针对变压器噪声源识别展开研究。首先根据所调研的变压器噪声特性，确定了所关注的噪声频段和所用的声源识别方法，阐述了宽带信号的波达方向估计与波束形成的相关理论，进而整理出了一种基于频域数据的宽带变压器信号定位思路，利用仿真结果证实了所提定位思路的合理性与准确性。最后基于LabVIEW平台搭建了一套变压器噪声源识别系统，并通过对不同情况下实际运行变压器的现场试验，对系统的定位效果进行了测试，其定位误差在2°左右，结果证明噪声源识别思路和搭建的系统平台具有良好的可靠性与可用性。

关键词: 变压器, 波束形成, 空间谱估计, 噪声源识别

Abstract:

As the most expensive and important equipment in substation, transformer has always been the key object of research. At present, there are few researches on the transformer noise source identification. Therefore, this research combines the beamforming technology to carry out the related research on the transformer noise source identification. Firstly, according to the investigated transformer noise characteristics, the concerned noise frequency band and the sound source identification method are determined, the direction of arrival estimation of wideband signal and the related theory of beamforming are expound, and then a wideband transformer signal location idea is sort out based on frequency domain data. The simulation results confirm the rationality and accuracy of this research. Finally, a set of transformer noise source identification system is built based on LabVIEW platform, and the positioning effect of the system is tested through the field tests of the actual operating transformers under different conditions. The results prove that the noise source identification idea and the system platform built have good reliability and availability.

Key words: Transformer, beamforming, spatial spectrum estimation, noise source identification

中图分类号:

TM406

袁晶, 卢灏, 刘领航, 王永强. 基于波束形成的变压器噪声成像技术研究与应用^*[J]. 电气工程学报, 2024, 19(1): 290-298.

YUAN Jing, LU Hao, LIU Linghang, WANG Yongqiang. Research and Application of Transformer Noise Imaging Technology Based on Beamforming[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2024, 19(1): 290-298.

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产品名称	核心技术	定位精度	计算速率
产品1 (KeyVES-E32)	波束形成技术	误差在3.5°左右，定位范围较大，精度略低	较快
产品2 (9712-W-FEN)	近场声全息技术	使用距离有限制，距离增加时精度大大下降	较慢
本研究装置系统	波束形成技术	误差在2°左右，定位范围精准，定位精度高	较快