空–空冷中型异步电机流体场与温度场计算及分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对某中型空–空冷异步电机,为研究电机内部各通风道的冷却空气流量分布与内部流场特征,建立了电机内部冷却空气的物理模型。依据流体动力学原理,采用有限体积法,利用工程计算得到压力入、出口边界条件,对计算域内的三维湍流流场进行了数值模拟。并以流体场计算得到的结果作为边界条件,对电机进行了温度场计算。另外还研究了在不同的冷却风速条件下,冷却通道内空气流速的变化情况及其对温度场计算结果的影响。最终发现靠近两端的通风道内的冷却风速要比靠近中间的通风道高,这造成定子铁心两端的温升比中间低;而电机的最高温升出现在下层绕组端部。

关键词: 流体场, 温度场, 有限体积法, 空–空冷

Abstract:

For a medium air-cooled asynchronous motor, the physical model of cooling air inside the motor was established to research the air flow distribution and characteristics of the internal flow of the medium motor. By the finite volume method according to the computational fluid mechanics (CFD) principle, the three-dimensional turbulent flow field in computational domain was simulated numerically using boundary conditions of the pressure inlet and outlet obtained from engineering calculations. Eventually found the cooling wind speed near the ends of the ventilation is higher than which near the middle of the ventilation, it makes the temperature rise in both ends of the stator core is lower than in the middle of the stator core; and the maximum temperature rise of the motor occurs at the end of the lower winding.

Key words: Fluid field, thermal field, finite volume method, air-air cooled

中图分类号:

TM315

胡田,唐任远,李岩. 空–空冷中型异步电机流体场与温度场计算及分析[J]. 电气工程学报, 2015, 10(7): 11-17.

Hu Tian,Tang Renyuan,Li Yan. Calculation of Fluid Field and Thermal Field for Air-Air Cooled Medium-Size Motor[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2015, 10(7): 11-17.

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参数	数值	参数	数值
额定功率/kW	2 500	转子内径/mm	350
额定转速/ (r/min)	1 494	气隙长度/mm	2.8
机座外径/mm	1 280	额定电压/V	6 000
定子外径/mm	1 060	额定电流/A	276
定子内径/mm	700	效率（%）	96.9

损耗名称	损耗	损耗名称	损耗
定子轭部损耗	11.11	导条损耗	10.198
定子齿部损耗	8.73	机械损耗	19.89
定子铜耗	17.675	杂散损耗	12.50

部件名称	导热系数/（W/（m·K））
部件名称	x方向	y方向	z方向（轴向）
定子铁心	39	39	4.43
空气	0.030 5	0.030 5	0.030 5
定子绕组	385	385	385
槽楔	0.2	0.2	0.2
机壳	39.2	39.2	39.2
转子轭部	45	45	45

位置	风速/（m/s）
通风道1	65.2
通风道2	18.0
通风道3	4.82
通风道4	1.33
通风道5	0.35
通风道6	0.09
通风道7	0.03
通风道8	0.04
通风道9	0.08
通风道10	0.32
通风道11	1.31
通风道12	4.8
通风道13	18.1
通风道14	65.0

区域	温升/K
最高温升	72.4
定子绕组最高温升	72.4
定子绕组平均温升	61.3
定子铁心平均温升	50.8
转子铁心平均温升	52.7