带混合负载的电动无人机双极性直流电力系统拓扑结构设计及稳定性分析*

doi:10.11985/2022.02.013

电气工程学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (2): 110-121.doi: 10.11985/2022.02.013

• 特邀专栏:电气化交通中的电能变换与利用新技术 • 上一篇下一篇

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带混合负载的电动无人机双极性直流电力系统拓扑结构设计及稳定性分析^*

袁聪¹(), 皇甫宜耿¹^,²(), 白浩¹, 刘云天¹, 张宏宇¹

1.西北工业大学自动化学院西安 710129
2.西北工业大学深圳研究院深圳 518057

收稿日期:2022-01-06 修回日期:2022-05-15 出版日期:2022-06-25 发布日期:2022-08-08
通讯作者: 皇甫宜耿 E-mail:yuanc@mail.nwpu.edu.cn;yigeng@nwpu.edu.cn
作者简介:袁聪,男,1996年生,博士研究生。主要研究方向为机载直流电力系统控制及稳定性分析。E-mail： yuanc@mail.nwpu.edu.cn
基金资助:
*国家自然科学基金(61873343);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划企业-陕煤联合基金(S2021-JC-LHJJXM-LH-QY-SM-0119);深圳市基础研究专项基础研究面上(JCYJ20190806152007277);西北工业大学博士论文创新基金(CX2022050)

Topology Design and Stability Analysis of Bipolar DC Power System of Electric Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Feeding Mixed Load

YUAN Cong¹(), HUANGFU Yigeng¹^,²(), BAI Hao¹, LIU Yuntian¹, ZHANG Hongyu¹

1. College of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710129
2. Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen 518057

Received:2022-01-06 Revised:2022-05-15 Online:2022-06-25 Published:2022-08-08
Contact: HUANGFU Yigeng E-mail:yuanc@mail.nwpu.edu.cn;yigeng@nwpu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

电动无人机的直流电力系统主要为推进电机、环控和雷达等机载设备提供可靠的电能,而根据系统母线的结构,可以将系统分为单极性结构和双极性结构。为了降低推进电机的损耗和体积、提高系统容错性,双极性结构被广泛地应用在无人机和飞机当中。然而由于燃料电池、光伏等新能源发电系统通常输出单极性直流电,需要一个单双极性转换接口,实现单双极性转换。首先在电感电流脉动量、电容电压脉动量和开关管应力等方面,对比分析两种单双极性转换接口,即电压平衡器和多电平变换器。然后,基于对比结果,选取多电平变换器作为单双极性接口,设计母线电压控制器和中位点电压控制器实现双极性直流电力系统的电压电流控制和电压均衡控制。最后,分析控制器参数以及广泛存在于系统中的恒功率负载、恒流负载、恒阻负载对系统稳定性的影响,并通过仿真进行验证。

关键词: 双极性直流电力系统, 中位点电压控制, 恒功率负载, 稳定性分析, 李雅普诺夫法

Abstract:

The DC power system of electric unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) mainly provides reliable power for airborne equipment such as propulsion motors, environmental control systems, and radar. According to the bus scheme of system, the DC power system can be divided into unipolar architecture and bipolar architecture. To reduce the loss and volume of a motor and increase the fault tolerance of the system, bipolar architecture is widely used in UAVs and planes. However, since renewable energy generation systems such as fuel cells and photovoltaic usually output unipolar DC voltage, a unipolar-to-bipolar conversion interface is needed to realize unipolar-to-bipolar conversion. Firstly, two kinds of unipolar-to-bipolar conversion interfaces, namely voltage balancer and multilevel converter, are compared and analysed in terms of inductance current ripple, capacitor voltage ripple, and switch stress. Then, based on the comparison results, the multilevel converter is selected as the unipolar-to-bipolar interface, and the bus voltage and neutral-point-voltage controller are designed to realize the voltage and current control, and voltage balance of the bipolar DC power system. Finally, the effects of constant power load, constant current load, and constant resistance load widely existing in the DC system and controller parameters on system stability are analysed. The analysis result is verified by simulation.

Key words: Bipolar DC power system, neutral-point-voltage control, constant power load, stability analysis, Lyapunov method

中图分类号:

TM46

袁聪, 皇甫宜耿, 白浩, 刘云天, 张宏宇. 带混合负载的电动无人机双极性直流电力系统拓扑结构设计及稳定性分析^*[J]. 电气工程学报, 2022, 17(2): 110-121.

YUAN Cong, HUANGFU Yigeng, BAI Hao, LIU Yuntian, ZHANG Hongyu. Topology Design and Stability Analysis of Bipolar DC Power System of Electric Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Feeding Mixed Load[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2022, 17(2): 110-121.

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参考文献 15

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对比项目	符号	数值
电感数量/个	L-N_TL	1
电感数量/个	L-N_B	2
电容数量/个	C-N_TL	2
电容数量/个	C-N_B	3
管数量/个	S-N_TL	4
管数量/个	S-N_B	4
电感电流脉动标幺值	ΔI^_L*	4(0.5-d)d, d<0.5 4(1-d)(d-0.5), d>0.5
电感电流脉动标幺值	ΔI^_L*₁	4(1-d)d
电容电压脉动标幺值	ΔV^_C*₁	d, d<0.5 1-d, d>0.5
	ΔV^_C*₂	d, d<0.5 1-d, d>0.5
	ΔV^_C*₃	d
	ΔV^_C*₄	d
	ΔV^_C*₅	d
开关管应力	S₁	0.5u_PN
	S₂	0.5u_PN
	S₃	u_PN
	S₄	u_PN
	S₅	u_PN

名称	参数	数值
发电设备	输出电压E/V	160
三电平Boost变换器	电感L/H	2.173×10^-4
	电容C₁/F	7.239×10^-5
	电容C₂/F	7.239×10^-5
母线	PO端电压u_POref/V	270
	ON端电压u_ONref/V	270
	PN端电压u_PNref/V	540
负载	恒阻负载R₁/Ω	145.8
	恒阻负载R₂/Ω	145.8
	恒功率负载CPL₁/W	2 000
	恒功率负载CPL₂/W	2 000
	恒流负载CCL₁/A	1.852
	恒流负载CCL₂/A	1.852
电压电流控制器	电压外环k_pV	0.2
	电压外环k_iV	100
	电流内环k_pI	0.005
	电流内环k_iI	100
中位点电压控制	比例系数k_pO	0.000 3
中位点电压控制	积分系数k_iO	0.008

带混合负载的电动无人机双极性直流电力系统拓扑结构设计及稳定性分析^*

Topology Design and Stability Analysis of Bipolar DC Power System of Electric Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Feeding Mixed Load

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