基于车载宽增益双向直流变换器的多源电动汽车充放电一体化方法

doi:10.11985/2022.02.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了解决目前电动汽车充放电技术存在的车载动力蓄电池的充电器输入电压范围小,以及车载变换器和车载能量管理系统的利用率低等问题,提出一种新的基于车载宽增益双向直流变换器的多源电动汽车驻车充放电一体化方法。与常规的充放电方案相比,该方法不仅实现了常规的车载多能量源与车载直流母线和微网之间的能量交互,对所接入的直流微网进行“消峰填谷”,而且还降低了电动汽车充电器对充电输入电压等级的要求,同时还极大地拓宽了车载动力蓄电池的充电方式,大幅度提高了车载变换器、车载能量管理系统和动力电机的利用率。最后搭建了额定功率为1.2 kW的多源充放电系统的试验平台,通过三组典型的试验结果验证了所提出的驻车充放电一体化方法的合理性和可行性,可在未来的电动汽车充放电技术研究领域进一步推广实现。

关键词: 宽增益, 双向直流变换器, 复合能量源, 驻车充放电, 一体化方法

Abstract:

In order to solve the problem of low input voltage range and low utilization ratio of vehicle converter and energy management system, an integrated vehicle parking charging and discharging scheme is proposed in this paper. Compared with the conventional electric vehicle charge and discharge technology, this scheme not only realizes the energy interaction between the vehicle hybrid energy sources and the vehicle DC bus and micro-grid, providing the possibilities for peak load shifting for the connected DC micro-grid, but also reduces the charging voltage level of the electric vehicle charger. Last but not least, this scheme also greatly broadens the vehicle power battery charging method and maximizes the utilization of the vehicle converter, vehicle energy management system and power motor. Finally, an experimental platform of 1.2 kW hybrid energy sources charging and discharging system is built, which verifies the rationality and feasibility of the integrated parking charging and discharging scheme, so the scheme proposed in this paper can be further popularized and realized in the field of electric vehicle charge and discharge technology research in the future.

Key words: Wide gain, bidirectional DC-DC converter, hybrid energy sources, parking charge and discharge, integration

中图分类号:

TM561

张云, 魏逸航, 刘强强, 孔治国. 基于车载宽增益双向直流变换器的多源电动汽车充放电一体化方法[J]. 电气工程学报, 2022, 17(2): 101-109.

ZHANG Yun, WEI Yihang, LIU Qiangqiang, KONG Zhiguo. Integrated Scheme of Charging/discharging for Parking Multi Energy Sources Electric Vehicles Based on Wide Voltage-gain Range Bidirectional DC-DC Converters[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2022, 17(2): 101-109.

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拓扑	电压增益	功率开关数量	电感数量	功率开关电压应力
共地非对称 H桥拓扑	$\frac{1}{1-(d_{2}+d_{4})}$	4	1	U_h
交错开关电容拓扑	$\frac{1}{1-d}$	5	2	$\frac{U_{h}}{2}$

项目	试验条件或参数
给定直流母线电压	U_{DC_bus}=400 V
电池组	U_bat=48 V 磷酸铁锂电池,20 A·h,80% 初始电量
超级电容组	4节CSDWELL MODWJ001PM031Z2 230F 40 V 初始电压
开关频率	f_s=20 kHz
DSP控制器	TI-TMS320F28335
功率开关	IXTK102N30P MOSFET
母线功率	400~600 W间阶跃
两侧宽增益双向DC-DC变换器	共地非对称H桥宽增益范围双向DC-DC变换器和开关电容宽增益范围双向DC-DC变换器

	电池容量	电池电压/V	峰值电流/A	峰值功率/ kW	平均功率/ kW
试验平台	20 A·h	48	25	1.2	0.600
电动汽车	70 kW·h	400	300	120	70