电气工程学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (5): 30-39.doi: 10.11985/2016.05.004
黄强1,吴杰康2,郑风雷1,林奕鑫2
收稿日期:
2015-12-20
出版日期:
2016-05-25
发布日期:
2019-12-31
作者简介:
黄 强 男 1981年生,高级工程师,研究方向为电力系统及其自动化。|吴杰康 男 1965年生,工学博士,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为电力系统运行与控制等。
基金资助:
Huang Qiang1,Wu Jiekang2,Zheng Fenglei1,Lin Yixin2
Received:
2015-12-20
Online:
2016-05-25
Published:
2019-12-31
摘要:
本文剖析电力设备计划检修的概率特征规律,揭示设备计划检修对电网运行的影响,提出不同电压等级变电站设备计划检修时电网过负荷率以及由此所产生的减供负荷功率的概率计算方法。通过对2015~2018年500kV主变压器最少计划检修次数及2015年度计划检修的概率分析,确定2015年度东莞电网500kV变电站因变压器计划检修造成的变压器过负荷概率以及负荷减供功率的平均值。通过220kV变电站负载率的概率分析,确定220kV板桥变电站变压器N-1状态运行的期望时间和概率,和在重载和中载条件下220kV变电站变压器N-1运行时减供负荷功率的平均值及其概率。以某大型电网设备计划检修为例,在概率分析和风险估计基础上计算并分析确定了因设备计划检修所导致的减供负荷功率的平均值。
中图分类号:
黄强,吴杰康,郑风雷,林奕鑫. 考虑检修计划的减供负荷功率概率计算方法[J]. 电气工程学报, 2016, 11(5): 30-39.
Huang Qiang,Wu Jiekang,Zheng Fenglei,Lin Yixin. A Probability Calculation Method for Reduced Supplying Load Power Considering Maintenance Planning[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2016, 11(5): 30-39.
表1
2015~2018年500kV主变压器最少计划检修次数及2015年度计划检修概率"
变电站 | 主变压器 编号 | 最少计划检修次数 (小修) | 计划检修概率 |
---|---|---|---|
东莞500kV 变电站 | #1 | 2 | 0.50 |
#2 | 2 | 0.50 | |
#3 | 2 | 0.50 | |
#4 | 2 | 0.50 | |
横沥500kV 变电站 | #1 | 1 | 0.25 |
#2 | 2 | 0.50 | |
#3 | 1 | 0.25 | |
#4 | 2 | 0.50 | |
莞城500kV 变电站 | #1 | 1 | 0.25 |
#2 | 1 | 0.25 | |
#3 | 1 | 0.25 | |
#4 | 3 | 0.75 | |
水乡500kV 变电站 | #2 | 1 | 0.25 |
#3 | 1 | 0.25 | |
#4 | 3 | 0.75 | |
纵江500kV 变电站 | #3 | 3 | 0.75 |
#4 | 3 | 0.75 | |
#5 | 3 | 0.75 |
表2
2015年度东莞电网500kV变电站因变压器计划检修造成变压器过负荷概率"
500kV变电站 | 东莞站 | 横沥站 | 莞城站 | 水乡站 | 纵江站 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
任意一台变压器退出后 | 额定容量/MW | 2 250 | 3 000 | 3 000 | 3 000 | 2 000 |
正常运行时最大容量/MW | 1 800 | 2 400 | 2 400 | 2 400 | 1 600 | |
重载 | 负荷/MW | 2 058.04 | 2 772.66 | 3 799.54 | 2 135.32 | 2 534.45 |
变压器过负荷概率(%) | 93.7 | 71.9 | 89.5 | 0 | 98.4 | |
变压器平均负载率(%) | 91.5 | 92.4 | 126.7 | 71.2 | 126.7 | |
中载 | 负荷/MW | 1 791.89 | 2 414.08 | 3 308.17 | 1 859.17 | 2 206.68 |
变压器过负荷概率(%) | 0 | 71.9 | 89.5 | 0 | 98.4 | |
变压器平均负载率(%) | 79.6 | 80.5 | 110.3 | 61.0 | 110.3 | |
轻载 | 负荷/MW | 1 299.82 | 1 751.15 | 2 399.71 | 1 348.62 | 1 600.70 |
变压器过负荷概率(%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
变压器平均负载率(%) | 57.8 | 58.4 | 80.0 | 45.0 | 80.0 |
表3
2015年度东莞电网500kV变电站因变压器计划检修造成负荷减供功率的平均值"
500kV变电站 | 东莞站 | 横沥站 | 莞城站 | 水乡站 | 纵江站 | 全市 | 检修期间累计 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
重载 | 负荷/MW | 2 058.04 | 2 772.66 | 3 799.54 | 2 534.45 | 2 135.32 | 13 300 | 34 580 |
重载 | 减供负荷功率平均值/MW | 0 | 0 | 799.54 | 0 | 534.45 | 1 333.99 | 3 468.374 |
中载 | 负荷/MW | 1 791.89 | 2 414.08 | 3 308.17 | 2 206.68 | 1 859.17 | 11 580 | 30 108 |
中载 | 减供负荷功率平均值/MW | 0 | 0 | 308.17 | 0 | 206.68 | 514.85 | 1 338.61 |
轻载 | 负荷/MW | 1 299.82 | 1 751.15 | 2 399.71 | 1 600.70 | 1 348.62 | 8 400 | 21 840 |
轻载 | 减供负荷功率平均值/MW | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
表4
计及变压器计划检修的东莞各220kV变电站负载率"
220kV变电站 | 变压器计划检修情况 | 变电站剩余额定容量/MW | 变电站负载率(%) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
重载(7月份) | 中载(10月份) | 轻载(2月份) | |||
板桥变电站(T1,T3) | 任意一台变压器检修 | 240 | 129.30 | 112.42 | 81.55 |
板桥变电站(T2,T4) | 任意一台变压器检修 | 240 | 139.72 | 121.59 | 88.20 |
大朗变电站 | T1计划检修 | 780 | 92.40 | 80.47 | 58.37 |
T2、T3或T4计划检修 | 720 | 100.10 | 87.17 | 63.23 | |
万江变电站 | T1计划检修 | 540 | 127.91 | 111.30 | 80.73 |
T2、T3或T4计划检修 | 510 | 135.43 | 117.84 | 85.48 | |
北栅变电站 | 任意一台变压器检修 | 510 | 113.84 | 99.00 | 71.81 |
莆心变电站 | 任意一台变压器检修 | 540 | 113.08 | 98.43 | 71.40 |
(续) | |||||
220kV变电站 | 变压器计划检修情况 | 变电站剩余额定容量/MW | 变电站负载率(%) | ||
重载(7月份) | 中载(10月份) | 轻载(2月份) | |||
立新变电站 | 任意一台变压器检修 | 960 | 45.88 | 39.93 | 28.96 |
跃立变电站 | 任意一台变压器检修 | 720 | 76.47 | 66.58 | 48.30 |
古坑变电站 | 任意一台变压器检修 | 540 | 79.71 | 69.26 | 50.24 |
陈屋变电站 | 任意一台变压器检修 | 720 | 81.33 | 70.77 | 51.33 |
葵湖变电站 | 任意一台变压器检修 | 720 | 59.78 | 51.95 | 37.68 |
景湖变电站 | 任意一台变压器检修 | 720 | 95.93 | 83.47 | 60.55 |
下沙变电站 | 任意一台变压器检修 | 720 | 69.51 | 60.47 | 43.87 |
信垅变电站 | 任意一台变压器检修 | 960 | 49.01 | 42.70 | 30.98 |
白玉变电站 | 任意一台变压器检修 | 960 | 58.39 | 50.78 | 36.84 |
进埔变电站 | 任意一台变压器检修 | 720 | 83.42 | 72.54 | 52.62 |
寒溪变电站 | 任意一台变压器检修 | 720 | 66.73 | 58.06 | 42.12 |
步田变电站 | 任意一台变压器检修 | 480 | 62.56 | 54.52 | 39.55 |
黎贝变电站 | 任意一台变压器检修 | 720 | 47.27 | 41.17 | 29.87 |
则徐变电站 | 任意一台变压器检修 | 960 | 42.23 | 36.79 | 26.69 |
裕元变电站 | 任意一台变压器检修 | 720 | 47.27 | 41.17 | 29.87 |
七星变电站 | 任意一台变压器检修 | 720 | 48.66 | 42.30 | 30.68 |
彭洞变电站 | 任意一台变压器检修 | 720 | 38.93 | 33.94 | 24.62 |
培厚变电站 | 任意一台变压器检修 | 720 | 52.83 | 46.00 | 33.37 |
和美变电站 | 任意一台变压器检修 | 720 | 41.71 | 36.35 | 26.37 |
角布变电站 | 任意一台变压器检修 | 720 | 47.27 | 41.17 | 29.87 |
元江变电站 | 任意一台变压器检修 | 540 | 105.66 | 92.00 | 66.73 |
长安变电站 | 任意一台变压器检修 | 540 | 131.61 | 114.51 | 83.07 |
表7
重载期部分220kV变电站变压器N-1运行时最大减供负荷功率的平均值及概率"
220kV变电站 | 变压器计划检修情况 | N-1运行时最大减供负荷功率的平均值及概率 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
板桥变电站(T1,T3) | 任意一台变压器检修 | 减供负荷/MW | 421.86 | 773.41 | 1 124.96 | – |
对应概率(%) | 97.68 | 2.30 | 0.02 | – | ||
北栅变电站 | 任意一台变压器检修 | 减供负荷/MW | 846.96 | 1 199.86 | 1 552.76 | – |
对应概率(%) | 96.76 | 3.20 | 0.04 | – | ||
莆心变电站 | 任意一台变压器检修 | 减供负荷/MW | 847.32 | 1 200.37 | 1 553.42 | – |
对应概率(%) | 95.41 | 4.51 | 0.08 | – | ||
元江变电站 | 任意一台变压器检修 | 减供负荷/MW | 366.84 | 516.69 | 672.54 | – |
对应概率(%) | 92.65 | 7.17 | 0.18 | – | ||
长安变电站 | 任意一台变压器检修 | 减供负荷/MW | 2 048.52 | 2 902.07 | 3 755.62 | 4 609.17 |
对应概率(%) | 83.83 | 15.53 | 0.63 | 0.01 |
[1] | 廖瑞金, 廖玉祥, 杨丽君 , 等. 多神经网络与证据理论融合的变压器故障综合诊断方法研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2006,26(3):119-124. |
Liao Ruijin, Liao Yuxiang, Yang Lijun , et al. Study on synthetic diagnosis method of transformer fault using multi-neural network and evidence theory[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2006,26(3):119-124. | |
[2] |
Tang W H, Spurgeon K, Wu Q H , et al. An evidential reasoning approach to transformer condition assessments[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2004,19(4):1696-1703.
doi: 10.1109/TPWRD.2003.822542 |
[3] | 尚勇, 闫春江, 严璋 , 等. 基于信息融合的大型油浸电力变压器故障诊断[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2002,22(7):115-118. |
Shang Yong, Yan Chunjiang, Yan Zhang , et al. Synthetic insulation fault diagnostic model of oil-immersed power transformers utilizing information fusion[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2002,22(7):115-118. | |
[4] | 蔡兴国, 马平 . 基于信息融合技术的并发故障诊断研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2003,23(5):112-115. |
Cai Xingguo, Ma Ping . Study on simultaneous fault diagnosis based information fusion technique[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2003,23(5):112-115. | |
[5] | 国家电网公司. Q/GDW 168—2008 输变电设备状态检修试验规程[S]. 北京:国家电网公司, 2008. |
[6] | 郭永基 . 电力系统可靠性分析[M]. 北京: 清华大学出版社, 2003: 13-15. |
[7] |
Li Wenyuan . Incorporating aging failures in power system reliability evaluation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2002,17(3):918-923.
doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2002.800989 |
[8] |
Li Wenyuan . Evaluating mean life of power system equipment with limited end-of-life failure data[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2004,19(1):236-242.
doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2003.821434 |
[9] |
Thomas M Welte . Using state diagrams for modeling maintenance of deteriorating systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2009,24(1):58-66.
doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2008.2005711 |
[10] |
Kim Hagkwen, Singh Chanan . Reliability modeling andsimulation in power systems with aging characteristics[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2010,25(1):21-28.
doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2009.2030269 |
[11] |
Kijima M, Morimura H, Suzuki Y . Periodical replacement problem without assuming minimal repair[J]. Europ. J. Operat. Res. , 1988,37:194-203.
doi: 10.1016/0377-2217(88)90329-3 |
[12] |
Kijima M . Some results for repairable systems with general repair[J]. Journal of Applied Probability, 1989,26(1):89-102.
doi: 10.2307/3214319 |
[13] |
Endrenyi J, Anders G J, da Silva A M L . Probabilistic evaluation of the effect of maintenance on reliability-an application[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 1998,13(2):576-583.
doi: 10.1109/59.667385 |
[14] |
Endrenyi J, Aboresheid S, Allan R , et al. The present status of maintenance strategies and the impact of maintenance on reliability[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2001,16(4):638-646.
doi: 10.1109/59.962408 |
[15] |
Abeygunawardane S K, Jirutitijaroen P . New state diagrams for probabilistic maintenance models[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2011,26(4):2207-2213.
doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2011.2106226 |
[16] | IEEE Standard C57. 104TM—2008, IEEE guide for the interpretation of gases generated in oil-immersed transformers[S]. 2008. |
[17] | 郭永基 . 可靠性工程原理[M]. 北京: 清华大学出版社, 2001: 96-101. |
[18] | Ning Liaoyi, Wu Wenchuan, Zhang Boming . Generator random outage model for risk-based monthly maintenance scheduling[C]. IEEE the 11th International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems, Singapore, 2010: 126-130. |
[19] | Ross S M. Introduction to probability models[M]. Harcourt Academic Press, 2000: 421-427. |
[20] | 王世香, 高仕斌 . 蒙特卡罗方法在变电站综合自动化可靠性评估中的应用[J]. 电网技术, 2006,30(5):96-100. |
Wang Shixiang, Gao Shibin . Application of monte carlo method in reliability evaluation of integrated substation automation[J]. Power System Technology, 2006,30(5):96-100. | |
[21] | Pathak J, Yong Jiang, Honavar V , et al. Condition data aggregation with application to failure rate calculation of power transformers[C]. IEEE Proceedings of the 39th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Hawaii, 2006: 241-251. |
[22] |
Billinton R, Chen H, Jiaqi Zhou . Generalized n+2 state system Markov model for station-oriented reliability evaluation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 1997,12(4):1511-1517.
doi: 10.1109/59.627850 |
[23] |
Billinton R, Chen H, Zhou Jiaqi . Individual generating station reliability assessment[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 1999,14(4):1238-1244.
doi: 10.1111/medu.12402 pmid: 24807436 |
[24] | 谢开贵, 董百强, 赵霞 , 等. 大型(变)电站电气主接线可靠性综合分析系统[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2006,30(15):89-92. |
Xie Kaigui, Dong Baiqiang, Zhao Xia , et al. Design and application of reliability evaluation software for power stations[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2006,30(15):89-92. | |
[25] | 别朝红, 王锡凡 . 抽水蓄能电站主接线的可靠性综合评估[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2006,30(9):9-14. |
Bie Zhaohong, Wang Xifan . Integrated reliability evaluation of bus system arrangement for the pumped storage power stations[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2006,30(9):9-14. | |
[26] | 束洪春, 胡泽江, 张静芳 , 等. 800 kV换流站主接线可靠性评估[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2008,32(19):35-39. |
Shu Hongchun, Hu Zejiang, Zhang Jingfang , et al. Reliability evaluation for main electrical scheme of a 800kV converter station[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2008,32(19):35-39. | |
[27] | 宋晓通, 谭震宇 . 基于最优抽样与选择性解析的电力系统可靠性评估[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2009,33(5):29-33. |
Song Xiaotong, Tan Zhenyu . Power system reliability evaluation based on optimal sampling and selective analysis algorithm[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2009,33(5):29-33. | |
[28] | 杨汾艳, 兑潇玮, 唐景星 , 等. 考虑站网协调的500 kV 终端变电站可靠性评估[J]. 电网技术, 2013,37(3):847-854. |
Yang Fenyan, Dui Xiaowei, Tang Jingxing , et al. 500 kV terminal substation’s reliability assessment considering coordination between power grid and substation[J]. Power System Technology, 2013,37(3):847-854. | |
[29] |
Billinton R, Chen H, Zhou J . Individual generation station reliability assessment[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 1999,14(4):1238-1244.
doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2014.04.023 pmid: 24874073 |
[30] | 鲁宗相, 郭永基 . 水电站电气主接线可靠性评估[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2001,25(18):16-19. |
Lu Zongxiang, Guo Yongji . Reliability evaluation of hydroelectric power station bus systems arrangement[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2001,25(18):16-19. | |
[31] | 丁雪成, 胡海涛, 何正友 , 等. 计及维修因素的牵引变电站电气主接线可靠性分析[J]. 电网技术, 2011,35(10):117-123. |
Ding Xuecheng, Hu Haitao, He Zhengyou , et al. Analysis on reliability of main connection of traction substation considering influence of maintenance[J]. Power System Technology, 2011,35(10):117-123. | |
[32] | 查申森, 郑建勇, 胡继军 . 基于全寿命周期理念的500 kV 变电站初期主接线选择[J]. 电网技术, 2010,34(3):117-122. |
Zha Shensen, Zheng Jianyong, Hu Jijun . Selection of main electrical connection of a 500 kV substation in initial stage based on idea of life cycle[J]. Power System Technology, 2010,34(3):117-122. | |
[33] | 谢绍宇, 王秀丽, 王锡凡 , 等. 自适应重要抽样技术在发输电系统可靠性评估中的应用[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2010,34(5):13-17. |
Xie Shaoyu, Wang Xiuli, Wang Xifan , et al. A dynamic aggregation method for induction motors based on their coherent characteristics[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2010,34(5):13-17. | |
[34] | 赵渊, 张进, 芦晶晶 , 等. 大电网可靠性评估的卷积计算模型[J]. 电网技术, 2013,37(9):2466-2473. |
Zhao Yuan, Zhang Jin, Lu Jingjing , et al. A convolution model for bulk power grid reliability evaluation[J]. Power System Technology, 2013,37(9):2466-2473. | |
[35] | 孙元章, 程林, 刘海涛 . 基于实时运行状态的电力系统运行可靠性评估[J]. 电网技术, 2005,29(15):6-12. |
Sun Yuanzhang, Cheng Lin, Liu Haitao . Power system operational reliability evaluation based on real-time operating state[J]. Power System Technology, 2005,29(15):6-12. | |
[36] | 程林, 何剑, 孙元章 . 线路模型参数对电网运行可靠性评估影响[J]. 电网技术, 2006,30(13):8-13. |
Cheng Lin, He Jian, Sun Yuanzhang . Impact of transmission line's real-time reliability model parameter upon power system operational reliability evaluation[J]. Power System Technology, 2006,30(13):8-13. | |
[37] |
Billinton R, Wang P . Reliability network equivalent approach to distribution system reliability evaluation[J]. IEE Proceedings of Generation, Transmission and Distribution, 1998,145(2):149-153.
doi: 10.1049/ip-gtd:19981828 |
[38] |
Allan R N, Billinton R, De Oliveira M F . An efficient algorithm for deducing the minimal cuts and reliability indices of a general network configuration[J]. IEEE Transactions on Reliability, 1976, R-25(4):226-233.
doi: 10.1109/TR.1976.5219977 |
[39] | 赵华, 王主丁, 谢开贵 , 等. 中压配电网可靠性评估方法的比较研究[J]. 电网技术, 2013,37(11):3295-3302. |
Zhao Hua, Wang Zhuding, Xie Kaigui , et al. Comparative study on reliability assessment methods for medium voltage distribution network[J]. Power System Technology, 2013,37(11):3295-3302. | |
[40] | 梁惠施, 程林, 刘思革 . 基于蒙特卡罗模拟的含微网配电网可靠性评估[J]. 电网技术, 2011,35(10):76-81. |
Liang Huishi, Cheng Lin, Liu Sige . Monte Carlo simulation based reliability evaluation of distribution system containing microgrids[J]. Power System Technology, 2011,35(10):76-81. | |
[41] | 孔涛, 程浩忠, 李钢 , 等. 配电网规划研究综述[J]. 电网技术, 2009,33(19):92-99. |
Kong Tao, Cheng Haozhong, Li Gang , et al. Review of power distribution network planning[J]. Power System Technology, 2009,33(19):92-99. | |
[42] | 程林, 焦岗, 田浩 . 可靠性与经济性相协调的配电网规划方法[J]. 电网技术, 2010,34(11):106-110. |
Cheng Lin, Jiao Gang, Tian Hao . A method of distribution network planning with coordination of reliability and economics[J]. Power System Technology, 2010,34(11):106-110. |
[1] | 李恒杰,吕俊青,陈伟,裴喜平. 基于时序谷时段充电的小区电动汽车负荷预测 *[J]. 电气工程学报, 2019, 14(1): 95-100. |
[2] | 李博,杨俊友,王海鑫. 基于电流预测的微网下垂控制策略研究[J]. 电气工程学报, 2015, 10(9): 87-93. |
阅读次数 | ||||||
全文 |
|
|||||
摘要 |
|
|||||