永磁同步电机温度建模与热管理方法综述*

doi:10.11985/2023.04.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目前，永磁同步电机的功率密度、转矩密度正在快速提升，电机系统单位体积下的损耗和发热功率也在快速升高。这给电机系统的散热、温度场建模和热管理带来很大挑战。目前国内外文献关于电机温度场建模和热管理方面的文献数量众多，方法种类繁杂，缺乏系统的分析和归纳。针对这一问题，本文对近年来国内外电机温度场分析、建模和热管理的方法进行了梳理和分析，以期能够较为系统地呈现电机温度建模与热管理的发展现状和发展趋势。

关键词: 永磁同步电机, 热模型, 集总参数热网络, 主动热管理, 先进冷却技术

Abstract:

Currently, the power density and torque density of permanent magnet synchronous motors are rapidly increasing, leading to a significant rise in losses and heat generation per unit volume in motor systems. This presents significant challenges for heat dissipation, temperature field modeling, and thermal management in motor systems. While there is a wealth of literature both domestically and internationally on the modeling of motor temperature fields and thermal management, the methods are diverse and lack systematic analysis and synthesis. To address this issue, the methods in recent domestic and international literature related to the analysis, modeling, and thermal management of motor temperature fields are reviewed and analyzed. The aim is to present the current state and trends in the development of motor temperature modeling and thermal management in a more systematic manner.

Key words: Permanent magnet synchronous motor, thermal model, lumped parameter thermal network, active thermal management, advanced cooling technology

中图分类号:

TM921

李鑫宇, 孙天夫, 黄世军, 梁嘉宁. 永磁同步电机温度建模与热管理方法综述^*[J]. 电气工程学报, 2023, 18(4): 20-34.

LI Xinyu, SUN Tianfu, HUANG Shijun, LIANG Jianing. Review and Perspectives on Thermal Management Methods for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2023, 18(4): 20-34.

图/表 14

图1

图2

表1

铁耗计算经验公式"

参考文献	公式	参数含义
[14]	$W F e = k h f B α + k e f 2 B 2 + k a f 1.5 B 1.5$	$k h$ ：磁滞损耗系数； $k h$ ：涡流损耗系数； $k h$ ：层叠系数； $k h$ ：交变电流频率； $k h$ ：磁通密度
[23]	$W F e = k h B m 2 f k f + ∑ σ d 2 12 Δ B Δ T 2 + k e Δ B Δ T 32 Δ T f k f$	$k h$ ：磁滞损耗系数； $k h$ ：单个点周期内最大磁通密度偏移量； $k h$ ：单位步长磁通变化； $k h$ ：层叠系数； $k h$ ：叠片电导率； $k h$ ：层压厚度； $k h$ ：附加损耗系数

表1

表2

永磁体涡流损耗计算经验公式"

参考文献	公式	参数含义
[24]	$W m a g = 2 π ν 0 Ω l ζ C 1 a * C 2 a$	$ν 0$ ：真空磁导率倒数； $ν 0$ ：转子转速； $ν 0$ ：永磁体轴向长度； $ν 0$ ：表示虚部； $ν 0$ ：积分常数
[25]	$W m a g ≙ J 0, P M, k 2 δ P M, k 2 1 − exp − 2 h P M, k / δ P M, k$	J：电流密度；e：电动势；h：永磁体厚度； $δ$ ：气隙长度

表2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

图9

图10

图11

图12

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