永磁游标电机转矩特性研究*

doi:10.11985/2023.04.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

永磁游标电机具有转矩密度高、结构简单等优点，在电动船舶、风力发电等低速大转矩驱动领域应用广泛。为进一步提高永磁游标电机的转矩密度，采用气隙磁场调制理论研究永磁游标电机的转矩特性。通过分析永磁磁场和电枢反应磁场谐波的有效耦合过程，揭示永磁游标电机转矩产生机理。根据电机结构参数与磁动势、磁导分布的关系，确定待优化参数，结合响应面法和遗传算法对电机转矩性能进行多目标优化设计。采用麦克斯韦应力张量法定量分析气隙磁场各次谐波对电磁转矩的贡献。结果表明，永磁游标电机电磁转矩仅由单一气隙磁场工作谐波产生。在此基础上，研究关键结构参数对气隙磁场调制效应和电机转矩性能的影响，为该类电机的拓扑结构创新及其转矩性能提升提供了理论依据。

关键词: 永磁游标电机, 气隙磁场调制, 应力张量法, 谐波分析, 转矩特性

Abstract:

With the merits of high torque density and simple construction, permanent magnet vernier machines(PMVMs) are widely used in low speed and high torque drive fields such as electric ships and wind power generation. In order to further increase torque density, the torque characteristics of PMVM are analyzed by using the air-gap magnetic field modulation theory. The analysis of the effective coupling process between PM field and armature reaction field reveals that the torque generation mechanism of the PMVM. According to the relationship between the structure parameters and the magnetomotive force, permeance distribution, the parameters to be optimized are determined. The response surface method and genetic algorithm are combined to conduct multi-objective optimization of the torque performance of the PMVM. The Maxwell stress tensor method is employed to quantitatively analyze the electromagnetic torque contributions of the air-gap magnetic density harmonics, and the results prove that the electromagnetic torque of PMVM is generated by a single air-gap magnetic density working harmonic. On this basis, the influence of key structure parameters on the air-gap field modulation effect and torque characteristics of the PMVM is studied, which provides a theoretical basis for the topology structure innovation and torque performance improvement of this kind of machine.

Key words: Permanent magnet vernier machine(PMVM), air-gap magnetic field modulation, stress tensor method, harmonic analysis, torque characteristics

中图分类号:

TM351

林宝全, 李捷, 杨公德. 永磁游标电机转矩特性研究^*[J]. 电气工程学报, 2023, 18(4): 35-42.

LIN Baoquan, LI Jie, YANG Gongde. Research of Torque Characteristics of Permanent Magnet Vernier Machine[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2023, 18(4): 35-42.

图/表 14

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参数	数值	参数	数值
槽极配合	12槽/20极	气隙长度/mm	1
绕组极对数	2	永磁体厚度/mm	3
定子外径/mm	90	转子外径/mm	55
定子内径/mm	57	转子内径/mm	20
轴向长度/mm	50	绕组匝数	46
永磁体材料	NdFeB	额定电流/A	5

名称	参数	最小值	最大值
永磁体极弧系数	θ_pm	0.8	1
定子齿宽	w_t/mm	2.5	5.5
齿靴厚度	h_s/mm	1	2.5
定子极弧系数	θ_s	0.45	0.8

电机参数	初始值	优化值
θ_pm	1	0.895
w_t/mm	3.5	5.499
h_s/mm	1.3	2.465
θ_s	0.55	0.495

谐波阶次	转矩分量/(N·m)	转矩占比(%)
2次	-0.026	-0.51
10次	5.026	98
14次	-0.002	-0.04
22次	0.008	0.16