考虑电动汽车接入的微电网多目标优化调度*

doi:10.11985/2023.01.023

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着电动汽车普及率的逐年升高，由于电动汽车接入所带来的无序充放电现象对电网稳定运行造成影响。在传统微电网模型的基础上考虑电动汽车的接入，并对该微电网系统进行研究，建立了包含微电网运行成本、电动汽车用户充放电成本的目标函数，采用基于Levy飞行改进的NSGA-II算法对系统进行优化调度。考虑到电动汽车的使用情况具有很强的随机性与灵活性，提出在不同电价机制下电动汽车合理的有序充放电调度策略。提出了基于Levy飞行改进的NSGA-II算法，用Levy飞行生成新的子种群并与传统NSGA-II的子代种群合并，来增强种群多样性，加强探索能力，降低陷入局部最优的概率。最后以某地区微电网系统为例，与NSGA-II标准算法求解结果对比微电网运行成本以及电动汽车用户成本均有明显降低，有较高的实用价值。

关键词: 微电网, 电动汽车, 优化调度, NSGA-II算法, Levy飞行

Abstract:

As the penetration rate of electric vehicles increases year by year, the phenomenon of disordered charging and discharging caused by electric vehicle access will affect the stable operation of power grid. Electric vehicle access is considered based on the traditional microgrid model and the microgrid system is studied. The objective function including microgrid operation cost and electric vehicle user charge and discharge cost is established. NSGA-II algorithm based on Levy flight is used to optimize the system scheduling. Considering the randomness and flexibility of electric vehicles, a reasonable orderly charging and discharging scheduling strategy for electric vehicles under different electricity price mechanisms is proposed. An improved NSGA-II algorithm based on Levy flight is proposed. By using Levy flight to generate new subpopulations and merge with the offspring populations of traditional NSGA-II, the diversity of the population can be enhanced, exploration ability can be strengthened, and the probability of falling into local optimum can be reduced. Finally, taking the microgrid system of a certain region as an example, compared with the solution result of NSGA-II standard algorithm, the operating cost of microgrid and the cost of electric vehicle users are significantly reduced, which has high practical value.

Key words: Microgrid, electric vehicle, optimal scheduling, NSGA-II, Levy flight

中图分类号:

TM73

周晨瑞, 盛光宗, 李升. 考虑电动汽车接入的微电网多目标优化调度^*[J]. 电气工程学报, 2023, 18(1): 211-218.

ZHOU Chenrui, SHENG Guangzong, LI Sheng. Multi-objective Optimal Dispatching of Microgrid Considering Electric Vehicle Integration[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2023, 18(1): 211-218.

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微源类型	出力上下限/kW	单位运维费用/元	容量因数(%)	额定功率/kW	使用寿命/年	安装成本/万元	台数
光伏发电	0~30	0.009 6	29.34	25	20	34.2	8
风力发电	0~50	0.209 6	22.13	60	10	42.0	2
微型燃气轮机	0~80	0.041 9	54.99	30	15	31.5	3
柴油发电机	0~105	0.085 9	32.67	60	15	75.0	2