10 kV配电网短路电流控制策略仿真分析

doi:10.11985/2021.01.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

面对地区电网短路电流超标问题,为实现电网短路水平有效控制,建立分析理论模型,运用电力系统短路电流程序(Power system department-short circuit current program,PSD-SCCP)采用等效电压源法求解故障点短路阻抗并仿真计算变电站10 kV母线短路电流水平,以外网等值方式模拟分析短路电流影响因素及控制措施的限流效果,提出适合高负荷密度地区电网的短路电流控制措施。仿真算例表明,目标网架电网分层分区运行下按超标程度制定措施,采用高阻抗变压器及变低侧串联电抗器策略能有效实现电网短路电流水平控制。

关键词: 电力系统运行, 10 kV配电网, 短路电流, 短路模型, 控制措施, 仿真计算, 外网等值

Abstract:

In order to effectively control the short-circuit level of power grid, a theoretical model is established. The power system department short circuit current program (PSD-SCCP) is used to solve the fault point short-circuit impedance by using the equivalent voltage source method, and the substation is simulated. The short-circuit current level of 10 kV bus is simulated by external network equivalent method, the influence factors of short-circuit current and the current limiting effect of control measures are simulated and analyzed, the short-circuit current control measures that suitable for high load density power grid are proposed. The simulation results show that the short-circuit current level can be effectively controlled by adopting the strategy of high impedance transformer and series reactor at the low side of the transformer according to the degree of exceeding the standard when the target grid is running in different layers and zones.

Key words: Power systems operation, 10 kV distribution network, short circuit current, short circuit model, control measures, simulation calculation, external network equivalent

中图分类号:

TM727

李名科, 庾力维, 陈中平, 蔡昭群. 10 kV配电网短路电流控制策略仿真分析[J]. 电气工程学报, 2021, 16(1): 83-89.

LI Mingke, YU Liwei, CHEN Zhongping, CAI Zhaoqun. Simulation Analysis of Short Circuit Current Control Strategy for 10 kV Distribution Network[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2021, 16(1): 83-89.

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项目	模式①	模式②	模式③	模式④	模式⑤
本地电源接入情况	接入110/10 kV母线	接入110/10 kV母线	接入110/10 kV母线	接入110/10 kV母线	接入110/10 kV母线
110 kV母线运行方式	母线并列运行	母线分列运行	母线并列运行	母线并列运行	母线并列运行
220 kV变电站选型	普通变压器	普通变压器	高阻抗变压器	普通变压器	高阻抗变压器
110 kV变电站选型	普通变压器	普通变压器	高阻抗变压器	普通变压器	高阻抗变压器
是否串联电抗器	无安装串联电抗器	无安装串联电抗器	无安装串联电抗器	变低侧装串联电抗器	变低侧装串联电抗器

是否高阻抗	220 kV变电站							110 kV变电站
	变压器容量比	铜损/p.u.			漏抗/p.u.			变压器容量	铜损/p.u.	漏抗/p.u.
	变压器容量比	高	中	低	高	中	低	变压器容量	铜损/p.u.	U_k=16%	U_k=18%
否	150/150/75	0.001 42	0.000 71	0.001 63	0.103 52	-0.005 8	0.058 90	40	0.008 52	0.240 17	0.240 17
否	180/180/90	0.001 12	0.000 53	0.001 41	0.083 85	-0.005 3	0.053 09	50	0.007 28	0.193 60	0.193 60
否	240/240/80	0.000 62	0.000 51	0.002 12	0.060 22	-0.000 6	0.091 69	63	0.004 03	0.159 46	0.159 46
是	150/150/75	0.001 17	0.001 08	0.002 78	0.103 94	-0.005 2	0.125 83	40	0.010 86	0.365 97	0.411 72
是	180/180/90	0.000 93	0.000 67	0.002 77	0.084 43	-0.003 5	0.204 49	50	0.008 19	0.292 78	0.329 38
是	240/240/80	0.007 93	0.007 12	0.230 61	0.057 49	-0.004 7	0.139 87	63	0.005 25	0.232 36	0.261 41

额定电流/电抗百分数	220 kV变电站								110 kV变电站
额定电流/电抗百分数	4 kA-8%	4 kA-10%	4 kA-12%	3.5 kA-8%	3 kA-7%	3 kA-8%	3 kA-10%	2.5 kA-10%	3 kA-8%
现状数量/台	21	41	2	1	4	24	2	3	—
现状占比(%)	21.43	41.84	2.04	1.02	4.08	24.49	2.04	3.06	—
计算电抗标幺值/p.u.	0.115 208	0.144 010	0.172 812	0.131 667	0.134 410	0.153 611	0.192 014	0.230 416	0.153 611

	① 电源接入,无短路电流控制措施			② 母线分列运行	③ 采用高阻抗变压器		④ 采用串联电抗器			⑤ 高阻抗变压器+串联电抗器
	110/10 kV	仅110 kV	仅10 kV	② 母线分列运行	U_k=16%	U_k=18%	4 kA,10%	4 kA,8%	2.5 kA,8%	⑤ 高阻抗变压器+串联电抗器
220 kV站A	52.46	52.15	50.90	48.78	19.93	19.93	22.45	25.35	16.72	14.81
220 kV站B	82.24	81.12	76.38	71.23	25.49	25.49	26.57	30.73	18.90	15.46
220 kV站C	73.69	72.52	67.48	64.06	39.18	39.17	25.61	29.45	18.41	19.61
110 kV站D	35.92	30.69	35.37	34.61	27.13	24.90	21.92	21.92	21.92	18.69
110 kV站E	31.10	25.88	30.71	30.16	22.95	21.11	20.38	20.38	20.38	17.08
110 kV站F	26.53	21.33	26.27	25.90	19.62	18.11	18.68	18.68	18.68	15.54

变电站	现状/规划	短路电流值分布区间/kA
变电站	现状/规划	(0,20]	(20,21]	(21,22]	(22,23]	(23,24]	(24,25]	(25,∞)
220 kV变电站	现状	62	2	1	8	2	12	6
220 kV变电站	规划	28	0	0	0	0	0	0
110 kV变电站	现状	129	82	61	63	57	16	7
110 kV变电站	规划	140	0	0	0	0	0	0
主变压器数量/台		359	84	62	71	59	28	13
所占比例(%)		53.11	12.43	9.17	10.5	8.73	4.14	1.92