航空用高速永磁发电机电磁设计研究

doi:10.11985/2015.09.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

应用等效磁路法初步确定高速永磁发电机的电磁设计基本参数;对不同槽数,不同极数的永磁发电机进行比较,选取合适的方案;分析电压调整率随电机参数变化的规律,得出降低电压调整率的措施,并确定了相关参数合理的取值范围。应用Taguchi优化设计方法建立实验正交矩阵,针对优化设计目标,结合有限元法求解实验矩阵,得到了满足发电机性能的最佳设计参数组合。应用有限元法对所设计的永磁发电机的电磁设计方案进行性能分析,结果证明了该电磁设计方案的合理性。

关键词: 高速永磁发电机, 电磁设计, 电压调整率, Taguchi方法, 有限元方法

Abstract:

The equivalent magnetic circuit method for designing the high speed permanent magnet generator to obtain the basic parameters of the electromagnetic preliminary designing is detailed. A comparison is made between the different number of slots and the different number of poles, and choosing the right solution .The rule between voltage regulation and the machine parameters is analyzed. The methods of reducing the voltage regulation of are proposed, and determined the reasonable range of the relevant parameters. By using Taguchi optimization design method to establish the matrix of orthogonal experiment, for optimization design, combined with the finite element method is used to solve the matrix, to meet the generator performance optimal combination of design parameters. The finite element method is used to analyze the performance of the design scheme of the permanent magnet generator. The results show that the design scheme is reasonable.

Key words: High speed permanent magnet generator, electromagnetic design, voltage regulation, Taguchi method, finite element method

中图分类号:

TM315

胡岩,王功臣. 航空用高速永磁发电机电磁设计研究[J]. 电气工程学报, 2015, 10(9): 22-29.

Hu Yan,Wang Gongchen. Electromagnetic Design and Research of High Speed Permanent Magnet Generator for Aviation[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2015, 10(9): 22-29.

图/表 21

表1

图1

表2

图2

图3

图4

图5

表3

表4

表5

图6

图7

图8

表6

表7

图9

图10

图11

图12

表8

表9

参考文献 12

[1]	刘伟 . 350kW高速永磁同步发电机的设计[D]. 湖南大学, 2013.
[2]	肖珊彩, 秦明 . 大型双定子直驱永磁风力发电机电磁设计与仿真[J]. 电机与控制应用, 2013,40(2):45-50. doi: 10.3390/ma13010047 pmid: 31861826
	Xiao Shancai, Qin Ming . Electromagnetic design and simulation for large-scale doube-stator direct driving permanent magnet wind generator[J]. Electric Machines & Control Application, 2013,40(2):45-50. doi: 10.3390/ma13010047 pmid: 31861826
[3]	孟明, 许镇琳, 王家军 . 内置式永磁同步发电机的低电压调整特性[J]. 电工技术学报, 2004,19(2):15-19.
	Meng Ming, Xu Zhenlin, Wang Jiajun . Low voltage regulation of interior-type permanent magnet alternator[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2004,19(2):15-19.
[4]	王秀和 , 等. 永磁电机[M]. 北京: 中国电力出版社, 2011.
[5]	郭兵, 冷政, 杨仲源 . 永磁电机固有电压调整率降低措施的定量研究[J]. 电机与控制应用, 2012,39(8):16-19. doi: 10.3390/ma13010047 pmid: 31861826
	Guo Bing, Leng Zheng, Yang Zhongyuan . Quantitative study on reducing measures of permanent magnet motor inherent voltage regulation[J]. Electric Machines & Control Application, 2012,39(8):16-19. doi: 10.3390/ma13010047 pmid: 31861826
[6]	兰志勇, 杨向宇, 王芳媛 , 等. Taguchi方法在内嵌式正弦波永磁同步电机优化设计中的应用[J]. 电工技术学报, 2011,26(12):37-42.
	Lan Zhiyong, Yang Xiangyu, Wang Fangyuan , et al. Application for optimal designing of sinusoidal interior permanent magnet synchronous motors by using the Taguchi method[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2011,26(12):37-42.
[7]	Ki Chan Kim, Ju Lee, Hee Jun Kim , et al. Multiobjective optimal design for interior permanent magnet synchronous generator[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2009,45(3):1780-1783. doi: 10.1109/TMAG.2009.2012820
[8]	Avoki M Omekanda . Robust torque and torqueper-inertia optimization of a switch reluctance generator using the Taguchi methods[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2006,42(2):473-478. doi: 10.1109/TIA.2006.870031
[9]	Hwang Chang Chou, Lyu Li Yang, Liu Cheng Tsung , et al. Optimal design of an spm generator usinggenetic algorithms and Taguchi method[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2008,44(11):4325-4328. doi: 10.1109/TMAG.2008.2001526
[10]	徐建淳 . 高速永磁发电系统及其调压器的研究[D]. 南京:南京航空航天大学, 2012.
[11]	赵朝会, 李遂亮, 王新威 . 径向和切向结构永磁同步发电机的比较研究[J]. 大电机技术, 2007,4:1-4. doi: 10.1002/advs.201901395 pmid: 31728287
	Zhao Chaohui, Li Suiliang, Wang Xinwei . Comparative investigation of SPM and IPM synchronous electric machine[J]. Large Electric Machine & Hydraulic Turbine, 2007,4:1-4. doi: 10.1002/advs.201901395 pmid: 31728287
[12]	赵朝会 . 径向结构永磁同步发电机的比较研究[J]. 上海电机学院学报, 2010,13(3):125-129.
	Zhao Chaohui . Comparison study of radial structure permanent magnet synchronous generator[J]. Journal of Shanghai Dianji University, 2010,13(3):125-129.

参数	数值
额定输出电压/V	（115±1）V
频率/Hz	400
定子外径/mm	200
转轴长度L/mm	≤122
功率因数	0.75
电压调整率（%）	≤15
空载电动势波形畸变率（%）	≤3
总重量/kg	≤40

参数	36槽	54槽
定子内径/mm	138	136
导线直径/mm	2.4	2.6
气隙长度δ/mm	2	2
磁化长度h/mm	10	10
槽口宽度b_o1/mm	5	5
槽形宽R/mm	3	3
槽形长h₁₂/mm	14	16
槽形宽b₁/mm	9.5	5.6
每相串联匝数	13	15

参数	4极	6极
定子内径/mm	128	136
导线直径/mm	2.4	2.6
气隙长度δ/mm	2	2
磁化长度h/mm	10	10
槽口宽度b_o1/mm	5	5
槽形宽R/mm	3	3
槽形长h₁₂/mm	14	16
槽形宽b₁/mm	5.2	5.6
每相串联匝数	15	15

参数	4极	6极
转轴长度L/mm	104	112
短路电流倍数	6.47	7.69
电压调整率（%）	16.913	13.591
电流密度/（A/mm²）	6.41	5.9
输出电压/V	115.32	114.96
转速/（r/min）	12 000	8 000

δ	ΔU%	L	b_o1	ΔU%	L	h	ΔU%	L
0.8	13.89	101.3	2	14.83	107.2	5	22.65	138
1	13.75	103.3	2.5	14.52	107.7	6	19.61	129.1
1.2	13.68	105.2	3	14.29	108.2	7	17.42	123
1.4	13.63	106.9	3.5	14.07	108.9	8	15.82	118.5
1.6	13.61	108.6	4	13.89	109.8	9	14.59	114.9
1.8	13.59	110.3	4.5	13.73	110.8	10	13.59	112
2	13.59	112	4.8	13.65	111.5	11	12.78	109.5
2.2	13.61	113.7	5	13.59	112	12	12.12	107.5
2.4	13.63	115.3	5.2	13.54	112.6	13	11.58	106