计及新能源虚拟惯量的电力系统最低惯量评估*

doi:10.11985/2024.01.027

电气工程学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (1): 254-260.doi: 10.11985/2024.01.027

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计及新能源虚拟惯量的电力系统最低惯量评估^*

王毅¹^,²(), 陈中³(), 周涛⁴(), 刘勃³, 刘子诚⁴

1.智能电网保护和运行控制国家重点实验室南京 211106
2.南瑞集团(国网电力科学研究院)有限公司南京 211106
3.东南大学电气工程学院南京 210096
4.南京理工大学自动化学院南京 210094

收稿日期:2023-02-19 修回日期:2023-06-26 出版日期:2024-03-25 发布日期:2024-04-25
作者简介:王毅，男，1980年生，高级工程师。主要研究方向为电力系统运行与控制。E-mail：wongyee@outlook.com;
陈中，男，1975年生，研究员，博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为电力系统稳定与控制、电动汽车与电网互动。E-mail：zhongchen@seu.edu.cn;
周涛，男，1991年生，博士，讲师。主要研究方向为电力系统运行与控制、新型电力系统频率稳定。E-mail：zhoutaonjust@njust.edu.cn
基金资助:
智能电网保护和运行控制国家重点实验室开放课题资助项目(SGNR 0000KJJS2200305)

Evaluation of Minimum Inertia of Power System Considering Virtual Inertia of Renewable Energy

WANG Yi¹^,²(), CHEN Zhong³(), ZHOU Tao⁴(), LIU Bo³, LIU Zicheng⁴

1. State Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Protection and Control, Nanjing 211106
2. NARI Group Corporation, Nanjing 211106
3. School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096
4. School of Automation, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094

Received:2023-02-19 Revised:2023-06-26 Online:2024-03-25 Published:2024-04-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

电网频率安全和稳定性是电力系统的重要性能指标，而电力系统的惯量水平是影响频率响应能力的关键因素。由于我国实施双碳战略，新能源发电比例持续提高，导致电力系统的惯量水平不断下降，使得电网在遭受有功扰动时的频率波动加剧，系统运行边界收缩。为了提高电力系统在高新能源渗透场景下的惯量态势感知能力，增强电力系统对有功扰动的频率适应性、量化系统运行边界，基于电力系统频率响应模型，分析了电网在受到有功扰动后不同时间尺度下的频率响应过程，构建了系统频率响应数学关系。基于频率响应全过程，构建计及新能源虚拟惯量的电力系统最低惯量评估模型及其求解算法。最后，基于IEEE-39节点模型，通过仿真试验验证了所提方法的有效性和准确性。

关键词: 低惯量电力系统, 虚拟惯量, 最低惯量评估, 频率稳定性

Abstract:

Grid frequency security and stability are important performance indicators of the power system, and the inertia level of the power system is a key factor affecting the frequency response capability. Due to the implementation of the dual-carbon strategy in China, the proportion of new energy generation continues to increase, resulting in a continuous decline in the inertia level of the power system, which intensifies the frequency fluctuation of the power grid when it suffers from active perturbations and shrinks the system operation boundary. In order to improve the inertia situational awareness of the power system in the high-tech energy penetration scenario, enhance the frequency adaptability of the power system to active perturbations, and quantify the system operation boundary, based on the frequency response model of the power system, the frequency response process of the power grid in different time scales after being subjected to active perturbations is analyzed, and the mathematical relationship of the system frequency response is constructed. Based on the frequency response process, the minimum inertia assessment model and its solution algorithm are constructed to take into account the virtual inertia of new energy sources. Finally, based on the IEEE-39 node model, the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method are verified through simulation experiments.

Key words: Low inertia power system, virtual inertia, minimum inertia evaluation, frequency stability

中图分类号:

TM727

王毅, 陈中, 周涛, 刘勃, 刘子诚. 计及新能源虚拟惯量的电力系统最低惯量评估^*[J]. 电气工程学报, 2024, 19(1): 254-260.

WANG Yi, CHEN Zhong, ZHOU Tao, LIU Bo, LIU Zicheng. Evaluation of Minimum Inertia of Power System Considering Virtual Inertia of Renewable Energy[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2024, 19(1): 254-260.

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机组序号	额定功率/MW	惯性时间常数/s
G1	1 100	4.8
G2	646	5.0
G3	725	5.0
G4	652	5.4
G5	508	5.0
G6	687	5.6
G7	580	5.7
G8	564	4.7
G9	865	3.8
G10	1 040	4.5

机组序号	额定功率/MW	虚拟惯性时间常数/s
W1	250	4.8
W2	180	5.0
W3	200	5.0
W4	250	5.4
W5	300	5.0

系统	系统最低惯量E_SVS/(kW·s)
计及新能源	18 503 700
不计及新能源	29 228 700

对比项	文献[8]	本文
能否计及最大频率偏差约束	能	能
能否计及RoCoF约束	能	能
能否计及备用容量约束	否	能
能否分析新能源虚拟惯量作用	否	能
能否求解系统最低惯量值	能	能

计及新能源虚拟惯量的电力系统最低惯量评估^*

Evaluation of Minimum Inertia of Power System Considering Virtual Inertia of Renewable Energy

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