基于深度学习SDAE-BP的暂降类型识别方法*

doi:10.11985/2022.03.022

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

不同短路故障引起的暂降类型不同,对用户造成的影响也不相同,准确地识别暂降类型可针对实际的电压暂降情况进行分析、补偿和抑制,对于电压暂降的治理具有重要的意义,同时还可作为电力供应部门和用户之间协调纠纷的依据。考虑到实际系统发生短路故障时可能存在相位跳变,在原有文献短路故障引起的暂降分类基础上,推导了系统阻抗与线路阻抗的阻抗角不相等情况下短路故障引起的电压暂降类型的表达式并分析了其特征;为准确识别电压暂降类型,并避免人为特征提取过程中信息丢失的问题,提出了一种基于堆栈降噪自编码器-神经网络(Stacked denoised autoencoder-back propagation,SDAE-BP)的暂降类型识别方法,在输入信号中加入一定概率的噪声,再通过构建多层降噪自编码网络(Stacked denoised autoencoder,SDAE)逐层训练,以最小的误差实现信号的特征提取,并采用BP(Back propagation,BP)神经网络对暂降类型进行识别,通过Matlab仿真验证了上述传播特性及电压暂降类型识别方法的正确性。

关键词: 短路故障, 电压暂降类型, 堆栈降噪自编码器, BP神经网络, 暂降识别

Abstract:

The types of sags caused by different short-circuit faults are different, and the impact on users is different. Accurately identifying the types of sags can analyze, compensate and suppress the actual voltage sags, which is of great significance to the management of voltage sags. At the same time, it can also be used as a basis for the coordination of disputes between power supply departments and users. Considering that there may be a phase jump when a short-circuit fault occurs in the actual system, based on the classification of the sag caused by the short-circuit fault in the original literature, the type of the voltage sag caused by the short-circuit fault is derived when the impedance angle of the system impedance and the line impedance are not equal. The expression and its characteristics are analyzed. In order to accurately identify the type of voltage sag and avoid the problem of information loss in the process of artificial feature extraction, a sag type recognition method based on stacked denoised autoencoder-back propagation(SDAE-BP) is proposed. A certain probability of noise is added to the input signal, and then a multi-layer noise reduction self-encoding network is trained layer by layer by constructing to achieve signal feature extraction with the smallest error, and BP neural network is used to identify the type of sag. The correctness of the above-mentioned propagation characteristics and voltage sag type identification method is verified by Matlab simulation.

Key words: Short circuit fault, voltage sag type, stack noise reduction autoencoder, BP neural network, voltage sag type recognition

中图分类号:

张金娈, 邓祖强, 张鑫, 王亮. 基于深度学习SDAE-BP的暂降类型识别方法^*[J]. 电气工程学报, 2022, 17(3): 184-193.

ZHANG Jinluan, DENG Zuqiang, ZHANG Xin, WANG Liang. Method of Sag Type Recognition Based on Deep Learning SDAE-BP[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2022, 17(3): 184-193.

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故障类型	相别	无噪声					加入50 dB噪声
故障类型	相别	WEE	WCE1	WCE2	WCE3	WCE4	WEE	WCE1	WCE2	WCE3	WCE4
A	A	0.135 2	0.505 4	0.291 9	0.177 1	0.313 4	0.164 8	0.808 6	0.849 1	0.349 1	0.361 7
	B	0.143 3	0.151 1	0.046 5	0.088 9	0.063 2	0.146 3	0.292 6	0.089 9	0.095 1	0.076 1
	C	0.146 1	0.171 3	0.050 1	0.088 5	0.066 0	0.147 2	0.306 4	0.095 6	0.094 5	0.074 6
B	A	0.135 4	0.506 0	0.291 4	0.176 4	0.313 1	0.170 0	0.886 4	0.857 5	0.449 1	0.370 2
	B	0.072 2	0.215 3	0.226 5	0.160 7	0.236 1	0.170 7	0.999 7	0.901 5	0.717 7	0.476 0
	C	0.070 1	0.215 3	0.226 2	0.148 5	0.237 9	0.171 4	0.995 2	0.894 5	0.639 8	0.442 0
C	A	0.071 2	0.215 6	0.226 4	0.154 1	0.236 2	0.183 5	0.994 5	0.871 9	0.432 4	0.331 8
	B	0.146 3	0.220 9	0.048 0	0.087 6	0.068 9	0.149 3	0.378 8	0.102 9	0.094 5	0.083 4
	C	0.146 3	0.220 8	0.048 0	0.088 0	0.073 9	0.149 3	0.378 0	0.104 7	0.096 7	0.091 5
E	A	0.071 2	0.215 3	0.226 4	0.154 1	0.236 2	0.183 8	1.000 0	0.874 2	0.393 6	0.319 7
	B	0.143 3	0.151 2	0.046 5	0.088 9	0.063 1	0.147 1	0.318 3	0.101 3	0.095 2	0.081 9
	C	0.146 1	0.171 4	0.050 1	0.088 5	0.066 0	0.149 6	0.337 4	0.104 5	0.096 5	0.076 6

暂降类型	测试样本数量	识别准确率(%)
		无噪声	加入噪声/dB
		无噪声	30	40	50
类型A	50	100	100	100	100
类型B	650	100	99.5	100	100
类型C	300	100	99	99.6	99.6
类型D	200	99.5	98.5	99	99
类型E	200	99.5	99	99.5	99.5
类型F	100	99	97	98	98
类型G	100	98	97	97	98

识别方法	识别准确率(%)
识别方法	类型A	类型B	类型C	类型E	平均值
小波熵和概率神经网络^[9]	90	100	90	90	92
S变换和支持向量机^[11]	96	96	96	96	96
深度置信网络^[14]	90	100	90	90	92.5
电压有效值^[20]	100	90	90	90	92.5
小波分析和改进型DTW距离^[21]	100	100	93.8	92.7	96.63
本文方法	100	100	100	99	99.75