继电器旁路的两级式光伏并网逆变器研究

doi:10.11985/2016.12.003

电气工程学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (12): 16-21.doi: 10.11985/2016.12.003

继电器旁路的两级式光伏并网逆变器研究

易灵芝^1,²,刘仲范¹,陈才学¹,陈宇¹,吴静平¹

^1. 湘潭大学信息工程学院湘潭 411105
^2. 湖南省“风电装备与电能变换”

收稿日期:2016-05-29 出版日期:2016-11-25 发布日期:2019-11-22
作者简介:易灵芝女 1966年生,博士,教授,主要研究方向为交流调速与电力电子装置、新能源发电与直流微网等。|刘仲范男 1992年生,硕士,主要研究方向为光伏并网发电。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(61572416);湖南省教育厅平台项目(14K095)

Research on Two-Stage PV Grid-Tied Inverter With By-Pass Relay

Yi Lingzhi^1,²,Liu Zhongfan¹,Chen Caixue¹,Chen Yu¹,Wu Jingping¹

^1. College of Information Engineering Xiangtan 411105 China
^2. Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Wind Power Equipment and Energy Conversion Xiangtan 411105 China

Received:2016-05-29 Online:2016-11-25 Published:2019-11-22

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对目前两级式光伏并网逆变器存在的转换效率问题,提出一种改进型的电路拓扑,在光伏电池与母线电容之间旁接一个继电器,由光伏电池输出电压值通过滞环比较器控制继电器的通断与两种工作模式的选择。前级升压电路停止工作,主电路电流经继电器到直流母线,后级逆变器实现最大功率点跟踪和并网功能,避免了前级电路升压电感和二极管造成的损耗,提高了转换效率。Matlab仿真实验和3kW样机实验结果都验证了本改进拓扑的可行性和控制策略的有效性。

关键词: 两级式光伏并网逆变器, 最大功率点跟踪, 继电器旁路, 滞环比较器

Abstract:

An advanced topology is introduced to improve the converting efficiency of the double-stage PV grid-tied inverter, which includes a by-pass relay between PV cell and bus capacitance. The on-off switch of relay and two working modes of the inverter are determined by the output signal of hysteresis comparator of which input signal is the voltage of PV cell. The first-stage boosted circuit stops working and the by-pass relay picks up which the current of main circuit goes through. The second-stage inverter realizes max power point tracking and grid connection, so the dissipation caused by boost inductance and diode disappears. The topology and strategy are not only realized in Matlab, but also verified in a 3kW single-phase double-stage photovoltaic grid-tied inverter.

Key words: Two-stage PV grid-connected inverter, maximum power point tracking (MPPT), by-pass relay, hysteresis comparator

中图分类号:

TM464

易灵芝,刘仲范,陈才学,陈宇,吴静平. 继电器旁路的两级式光伏并网逆变器研究[J]. 电气工程学报, 2016, 11(12): 16-21.

Yi Lingzhi,Liu Zhongfan,Chen Caixue,Chen Yu,Wu Jingping. Research on Two-Stage PV Grid-Tied Inverter With By-Pass Relay[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2016, 11(12): 16-21.

图/表 11

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参考文献 16

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类型	参数	数值
仿真模式	离散采样频率/MHz	1
工作频率	升压电路开关频率/kHz	10
工作频率	逆变器开关频率/kHz	30
主电路参数	C₁/μF	1
	C₂/mF	1.5
	L₁/mH	5
	L₂/mH	2
	R_s/Ω	4
母线参考电压	U_{bus_ref}/V	500
光伏电池双闭环控制器 PI调节器系数	比例系数K_p	1
光伏电池双闭环控制器 PI调节器系数	积分系数K_i	0.03
母线稳压双闭环控制器 PI调节器系数	比例系数K_p′	0.1
母线稳压双闭环控制器 PI调节器系数	积分系数K_i′	9
母线稳压双闭环控制器 P调节器系数	比例系数K_p″	11.3
滞环比较器	上限阈值U_{b_up}/V	500
滞环比较器	下限阈值U_{b_dn}/V	420
输出参数	电网电压有效值U_m/V	220
输出参数	电网频率f /Hz	50

参数	初始数值	跳变后数值
光照强度S_b/(W/m²)	1 000	1 000
光伏电池板温度T_b/℃	25	25
开路电压U_oc/V	750	450
短路电流I_sc/A	24	24
最大功率点电压U_m/V	650	320
最大功率点电流I_m/A	21	21

类型	参数	数值
工作频率	升压电路开关频率/kHz	10
工作频率	逆变器开关频率/kHz	30
主电路参数	C₁/pF	470
	C₂/mF	3
	L₁/μH	830
	L₂/μH	550
	R_s/Ω	1.4
母线参考电压	U_{bus_ref}/V	375
光伏电池双闭环控制器 PI调节器系数	比例系数K_p	0.8
光伏电池双闭环控制器 PI调节器系数	积分系数K_i	0.01
母线稳压双闭环控制器 PI调节器系数	比例系数K_p′	0.1
母线稳压双闭环控制器 PI调节器系数	积分系数K_i′	6
母线稳压双闭环控制器 P调节器系数	比例系数K_p″	10.5
滞环比较器	上限阈值U_{b_up}/V	375
滞环比较器	下限阈值U_{b_dn}/V	365
输出参数	电网电压有效值U_m/V	220
输出参数	电网频率f /Hz	50

参数	初始数值	跳变后数值
开路电压U_oc/V	500	310
短路电流I_sc/A	15	15
最大功率点电压U_m/V	440	240
最大功率点电流I_m/A	7	12.5

继电器旁路的两级式光伏并网逆变器研究

Research on Two-Stage PV Grid-Tied Inverter With By-Pass Relay

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