基于特征信号注入的含IIDG配电网谐波差动保护方案

doi:10.11985/2023.01.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

逆变型分布式电源(Inverter interfaced distributed generation，IIDG)接入后，使得配电网成为复杂的多电源系统，也改变了配电网传统的潮流结构、运行方式和故障特性。充分利用IIDG接入对保护的积极因素，构建IIDG并网逆变器主动作用机制，提出基于特征信号注入的含IIDG配电网谐波差动保护方案，通过IIDG的主动参与保护使得保护更具灵活性。以DG并网点电能质量合格且IIDG输出功率不越限为约束，选择于IIDG电流内环注入特征高次谐波信号，并确定了能量主动调控的启用时机和有效作用时段，基于此提出了谐波电流含有率差动保护方案，并通过仿真验证了所提保护方案的合理性。

关键词: 谐波差动保护, 特征信号注入, 逆变型分布式电源, 主动式保护

Abstract:

After the inverter interfaced distributed generation(IIDG) is connected, the distribution network becomes a complex multi-source system, which also changes the traditional power flow structure, operation mode and fault characteristics of the distribution network. Taking advantage of the positive factors of IIDG access to protection, the active action mechanism of IIDG grid-connected inverters is constructed. A harmonic differential protection scheme for distribution network with IIDG based on characteristic signal injection is proposed, which makes the protection more flexible through the active participation of IIDG. Constrained by the power quality of the IIDG PCC point and the output power limit of the IIDG, the characteristic high-order harmonic signal is injected into the inner current loop of the IIDG, and the activation time and effective period of active signal regulation are determined. Based on this, the harmonic current content differential protection scheme is proposed, and the rationality of the proposed protection scheme is verified by simulation.

Key words: Harmonic differential protection, characteristic signal injection, inverter interfaced distributed generation, active protection

中图分类号:

TM773

杨立明, 周浩亮, 朱振洪. 基于特征信号注入的含IIDG配电网谐波差动保护方案[J]. 电气工程学报, 2023, 18(1): 181-187.

YANG Liming, ZHOU Haoliang, ZHU Zhenhong. Harmonic Differential Protection Scheme Based on Characteristic Signal Injection for Distribution Network with IIDG[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2023, 18(1): 181-187.

图/表 11

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

表1

图9

图10

参考文献 14

[1]	SEGUIN R, WOYAK J, COSTYK D, et al. High-penetration PV integration handbook for distribution engineers[R]. NREL/TP-5D00-63114,2016.
[2]	范明天, 张祖平, 苏傲雪, 等. 主动配电系统可行技术的研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2013, 33(22):12-18.
	FAN Mingtian, ZHANG Zuping, SU Aoxue, et al. Research on feasible technology of active power distribution system[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2013, 33(22):12-18.
[3]	毕天姝, 刘素梅, 薛安成, 等. 逆变型新能源电源故障暂态特性分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2013, 33(13):165-171.
	BI Tianshu, LIU Sumei, XUE Ancheng, et al. Fault transient characteristics analysis of inverter based new energy power supply[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2013, 33(13):165-171.
[4]	潘国清, 曾德辉, 王钢, 等. 含PQ控制逆变型分布式电源的配电网故障分析方法[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2014, 34(4):555-561.
	PAN Guoqing, ZENG Dehui, WANG Gang, et al. Fault analysis method of distribution network with PQ controlled inverter[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2014, 34(4):555-561.
[5]	张广斌, 董俊, 束洪春. 光伏分散接入中压配网保护与故障隔离研究[J]. 云南电力技术, 2019, 47(1):27-30.
	ZHANG Guangbin, DONG Jun, SHU Hongchun. Review and outlook of distribution network protection and fault isolation considering photovoitaic decentralized access[J]. Yunnan Electric Power, 2019, 47(1):27-30.
[6]	鲍小峰, 肖开伟, 杨隽, 等. 基于主动注入信号法的单相接地故障定位方法[J]. 电工技术, 2018, 479(17):135-137.
	BAO Xiaofeng, XIAO Kaiwei, YANG Jun, et al. Single phase to ground fault location method based on active injection signal method[J]. Electric Engineering, 2018, 479(17):135-137.
[7]	高志鹏, 张慧芬, 孙旭娜. 注入半波直流的小电流接地故障选线定位方法[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2013, 41(13):145-151.
	GAO Zhipeng, ZHANG Huifen, SUN Xuna. Line selection and location method for small current grounding fault with half wave DC injection[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2013, 41(13):145-151.
[8]	宋国兵, 王婷, 张晨浩, 等. 利用健全极MMC注入特征信号的直流线路故障性质判别方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2019, 34(5):994-1003.
	SONG Guobing, WANG Ting, ZHANG Chenhao, et al. DC line fault identification based on characteristic signal injection using the MMC of sound pole[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2019, 34(5):994-1003.
[9]	宋国兵, 王婷, 张晨浩, 等. 利用全桥MMC注入特征信号的直流自适应重合闸方法[J]. 电网技术, 2019, 43(1):149-156.
	SONG Guobing, WANG Ting, ZHANG Chenhao, et al. Adaptive auto-reclosing of DC line based on characteristic signal injection with FB-MMC[J]. Power System Technology, 2019, 43(1):149-156.
[10]	宋国兵, 侯俊杰, 郭冰. 基于主动探测式的柔性直流电网纵联保护[J]. 电网技术, 2020, 44(10):4001-4010.
	SONG Guobing, HOU Junjie, GUO Bing. Pilot protection of flexible DC power grid based on active detection[J]. Power System Technology, 2020, 44(10):4001-4010.
[11]	陈新, 王赟程, 龚春英, 等. 采用阻抗分析方法的并网逆变器稳定性研究综述[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2018, 38(7):2082-2094.
	CHEN Xin, WANG Yuncheng, GONG Chunying, et al. A review on stability of grid connected inverters using impedance analysis[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2018, 38(7):2082-2094.
[12]	刘桂花, 马田源, 石桐, 等. 双谐波注入的弱电网阻抗在线检测方法[J]. 哈尔滨工业大学学报, 2016, 48(9):132-139.
	LIU Guihua, MA Tianyuan, SHI Tong, et al. Online impedance detection method of weak current network based on double harmonic injection[J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology, 2016, 48(9):132-139.
[13]	崇志强, 戴志辉, 焦彦军. 基于负序电流注入的光伏并网逆变器孤岛检测方法[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2014, 42(24):65-71.
	CHONG Zhiqiang, DAI Zhihui, JIAO Yanjun. Islanding detection method of photovoltaic grid connected inverter based on negative sequence current injection[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2014, 42(24):65-71.
[14]	王晴晴. FFT和小波变换混合的谐波检测研究[D]. 淮南: 安徽理工大学, 2016.
	WANG Qingqing. Research on harmonic detection mixed by FFT and wavelet transform[D]. Huainan: Anhui University of Science and Technology, 2016.

参数		数值
参数		AB线路	AC线路	CD线路
单相接地	ΔHRI_hset(%)	0.1	1.5	0.1
	ΔHRI_hf(%)	ΔHRI_hAB =0.16	ΔHRI_hAC=2.41	ΔHRI_hCD=0.17
	动作情况	动作	动作	动作
两相相间	ΔHRI_hset(%)	0.1	1.5	0.1
	ΔHRI_hf(%)	ΔHRI_hAB =0.17	ΔHRI_hAC=1.74	ΔHRI_hCD=0.18
	动作情况	动作	动作	动作
三相接地(金属性)	ΔHRI_hset(%)	0.1	1.5	0.1
	$\Delta HR{{I}_{hf}}$	ΔHRI_hAB=0.21	ΔHRI_hAC=3.09	ΔHRI_hCD=0.23
	动作情况	动作	动作	动作
三相接地(R_f=0 Ω)	ΔHRI_hset(%)	0.1	1.5	0.1
	ΔHRI_hf(%)	ΔHRI_hAB=0.13	ΔHRI_hAC=2.12	ΔHRI_hCD=0.013
	动作情况	动作	动作	动作