电气工程学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (1): 103-118.doi: 10.11985/2021.01.014

• 新能源发电与电能存储 • 上一篇    下一篇

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锂离子动力电池外部短路测试平台开发与试验分析 *

杨瑞鑫(), 熊瑞(), 孙逢春()   

  1. 北京理工大学机械与车辆学院 北京 100081
  • 收稿日期:2020-10-29 修回日期:2021-01-03 出版日期:2021-03-25 发布日期:2021-03-25
  • 通讯作者: 熊瑞 E-mail:yangruixin@bit.edu.cn;rxiong@bit.edu.cn;sunfch@bit.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:熊瑞,男,1985年生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师,IET Fellow。主要研究方向为电动车辆动力系统、动力电池系统和人工智能。E-mail:rxiong@bit.edu.cn
    杨瑞鑫,男,1988年生,博士。主要研究方向为动力电池管理与应用。E-mail:yangruixin@bit.edu.cn
    孙逢春,男,1958年生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师,中国工程院院士。主要研究方向为车辆电传动、车辆动力学。E-mail:sunfch@bit.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    * 国家自然科学基金优秀青年基金资助项目(51922006)

Experimental Platform Development and Characteristics Analysis of External Short Circuit in Lithium-ion Batteries

YANG Ruixin(), XIONG Rui(), SUN Fengchun()   

  1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081
  • Received:2020-10-29 Revised:2021-01-03 Online:2021-03-25 Published:2021-03-25
  • Contact: XIONG Rui E-mail:yangruixin@bit.edu.cn;rxiong@bit.edu.cn;sunfch@bit.edu.cn

摘要:

动力电池安全性是制约电动汽车发展的关键因素,近年来由动力电池引发的安全事故引起了极高的公众关注度。动力电池外部短路是电动汽车安全事故主因之一,也是触发电池热失控的重要诱因之一。针对某商用锂离子动力电池,开发了动力电池外部短路测试平台,系统性地开展了不同初始荷电状态(State of charge,SOC)、环境温度、短路电阻值、短路时间和老化状态条件下动力电池单体和系统的外部短路试验,数据分析揭示了外部短路下动力电池的电-热特性及其失效行为的演变规律。研究将为动力电池外部短路故障数据库的建立、建模、故障诊断及温升预测的研究提供数据支撑,为动力电池安全管理提供指导。

关键词: 电动汽车, 锂离子电池, 外部短路, 外部短路试验, 外部短路特性

Abstract:

Battery safety, as a key factor, restricts the development of electric vehicles (EVs). Safety incidents caused by batteries have attracted much public attention in recent years. External short circuit (ESC) is one of the reasons of safety incidents in EVs, and it is also one of the reasons that trigger the thermal runaway of batteries. ESC test platforms for commercialized lithium-ion battery cells and packs are developed. Under different initial state of charge, ambient temperature, short-circuit resistance values, short-circuit durations, and aging conditions, systematic ESC experiments on battery cells and packs are conducted. The influence of initial conditions on battery electro-thermal characteristics is studied and the failure principle of ESC batteries is revealed. The research in this paper will provide data support for the establishment of the ESC fault database, and study of modeling, fault diagnosis and temperature prediction of ESC, which will further lay the foundation for the safety management of lithium-ion batteries for EVs.

Key words: Electric vehicle, lithium-ion batteries, external short circuit, experiments of external short circuit, characteristics of external short circuit

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