矿用三相异步电动机故障仿真分析

doi:10.11985/2017.07.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

三相异步电动机是煤矿生产主要的动力设备。损坏的电动机中有 90% 以上,是由于电动机在异常情况下运转造成的,其中主要原因有：接地、堵转、断相、三相电压不平衡、过载和短路故障等。工作在这种异常状态,会使电动机的定子电流过高,长期运行会造成电动机寿命降低和绝缘老化,严重时会烧毁电动机。因此,研究电动机运行中的各种状态,分析异常情况下的各种电流和电压特征,是正确判断电动机的故障和使用合适保护的基础。传统的分析三相异步电机方法是首先根据电机的数学模型创建微分方程,然后使用数值分析法求解简化分析计算,本文采用了 Matlab 软件中的 SimpowerSystems工具箱,分析三相异步电机的运行状态,并对异步电动机的短路、过载、堵转和断相等典型故障进行仿真分析。

关键词: 三相异步电动机, Matlab, 故障分析

Abstract:

Three-phase asynchronous motor as motive equipment in mine production, are widely used in in mine production. More than 90% of the motor damage is the resul of the abnoamal operation ,which is often caused by the overload, stall, broken phase, three-phase voltage unbalance, grounding and short circuit and so on. These abnormal operation states may cause motor stator current over the rated current. Even more, long-term operation in this state run, may cause motor insulation aging and reduce the mechanical life at the ideal expectation, and even worse, it may burn motor badly. Thus, to analysis of the motor operation state and to find out all kinds of exceptional cases of current characteristics, as the fundation of motor judgment and effective protection, appear more important. As is known to all, motor is a nonlinear, strong coupling, multivariate mechanical and electrical energy conversion system, and the traditional analysis method includes a set of differential equation fiestly, and then using the numerical analysis method to solve its calculation and analysis. The design uses the software SimPower System of Matlab toolbox to realize the motor running analysis, and the simulation analysis of the typical faults such as short circuit, overload, stalland so on of asynchronous motors.

Key words: Three-phase asynchronous motorr, Matlab, malfunction analysis

中图分类号:

TM343.2

张景杰. 矿用三相异步电动机故障仿真分析[J]. 电气工程学报, 2017, 12(7): 40-46.

Zhang Jingjie. Mine Three-Phase Asynchronous Motor Fault Simulation Analysis[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2017, 12(7): 40-46.

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参数名称	数值	参数名称	数值
额定功率/kW	10	额定电压/V	380
频率/Hz	50	定子电阻/Ω	1.113
定子漏感/mH	0.005 7	转子电阻/Ω	1.04
转子漏感/mH	0.006 8	互感/mH	0.20
转动惯量/(kg·m²)	0.02	极对数	4