固化制度调控双酚A环氧树脂/酸酐体系绝缘性能的研究进展*

doi:10.11985/2024.01.039

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

酸酐固化双酚-A环氧树脂由于其优异的绝缘、热学以及机械性能，被广泛应用于电气设备的支撑、绝缘和密封等关键部件。然而极端运行环境与紧凑化设计趋势下，环氧树脂绝缘经常发生过热和击穿故障，严重威胁电气设备的安全稳定运行。以环氧树脂体系原料混合比、固化时间与温度组合为核心的固化制度是决定环氧树脂微观结构的关键因素，也直接影响其宏观性能。本文介绍了酸酐固化双酚-A环氧树脂固化动力学模型的演变过程，研究结果表明双酚-A环氧树脂/酸酐体系需考虑前后固化过程分阶段拟合其动力学参数。基于不同的混合比以及固化时间和温度组合，重点论述了固化制度对双酚-A环氧树脂/酸酐体系绝缘性能的影响规律，讨论了固化状态相关微观结构对绝缘性能的调控机制。相关研究结果有望为高端电工环氧树脂应用提供配方选型和工艺优化等方面的参考。

关键词: 双酚-A环氧树脂/酸酐体系, 固化制度, 绝缘性能, 微观结构

Abstract:

Aanhydride cured bisphenol-A epoxy resin is widely used in the support, insulation and packaging and other key components of electrical equipment due to its excellent insulation, thermal and mechanical properties. However, under the condition of extreme environments and compact design, the epoxy resin insulation often suffers from overheating and breakdown faults, which seriously threaten the safe and stable operation of electrical equipment. The curing regime of epoxy resin system generally includes the combination of raw material mixing ratio, curing time and temperature, which is an important factor to determine the microstructure of epoxy resin and directly affects its macro performance. The evolution process of curing kinetic model of bisphenol-A epoxy resin cured by anhydride is introduced. It is verified by experiments that the curing process of bisphenol-A epoxy resin/anhydride system needs to consider the pre and post curing stages to fit its kinetic parameters. Based on different mixing ratios, curing time and temperature combinations, the influences of curing regime on the insulation performance of bisphenol-A epoxy resin/anhydride system were emphatically discussed. The regulation mechanism of the microstructure related to curing state on the insulation performance was discussed. The relevant research results are expected to provide reference for the application of high-end electrical and electronic epoxy resin in terms of formula selection and process optimization.

Key words: Bisphenol-A epoxy resin/anhydride system, curing regime, insulation performance, microstructure

中图分类号:

TM561

李进, 孔晓晓, 杜伯学. 固化制度调控双酚A环氧树脂/酸酐体系绝缘性能的研究进展^*[J]. 电气工程学报, 2024, 19(1): 358-370.

LI Jin, KONG Xiaoxiao, DU Boxue. Research Progress on Curing Regime Modulating Insulation Performances of Bisphenol-A Epoxy Resin/Anhydride System[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2024, 19(1): 358-370.

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分类	性能参数
高压电工装备用超高纯双酚A环氧树脂	环氧值(eq/100 g)：0.55~0.58；可水解氯(×10^-6)<300；氯离子(×10^-6)<5；黏度(mPa·s@25 ℃)<10 000
电工浇注环氧树脂(饱和电抗器)	环氧值(eq/100 g)：0.50~0.53；黏度(mPa·s@25 ℃)14 000~18 000
电工浸渍环氧树脂(绝缘拉杆/套管)	环氧值(eq/100 g)：0.58~0.60；黏度(mPa·s@25 ℃)900~1 200
电工浇注环氧树脂(高频变压器)	环氧值(eq/100 g)：0.50~0.53；黏度(mPa·s@25 ℃)10 000~15 000