基于电压平衡的锂电池主动均衡电路及策略

doi:10.11985/2021.03.020

电气工程学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (3): 145-151.doi: 10.11985/2021.03.020

• 新能源发电与电能存储 • 上一篇下一篇

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基于电压平衡的锂电池主动均衡电路及策略

杜海忠¹(), 骆滔¹, 宋浩谊², 曾俊¹, 章治国¹()

1.重庆理工大学电气与电子工程学院重庆 400054
2.中国电子科技集团公司第二十四研究所重庆 400060

收稿日期:2020-12-09 修回日期:2021-02-01 出版日期:2021-09-25 发布日期:2021-10-29
通讯作者: 章治国 E-mail:838872578@qq.com;zzg@cqut.edu.com
作者简介:* 章治国,男,1977年生,博士,教授。主要研究方向为电力电子拓扑与控制,锂电池储能系统及均衡管理。E-mail： zzg@cqut.edu.com
杜海忠,男,1994年生,硕士研究生。主要研究方向为电力电子拓扑及其控制技术。E-mail： 838872578@qq.com

Active Balancing Circuit and Strategy of Li-ion Battery Based on Voltage Balance

DU Haizhong¹(), LUO Tao¹, SONG Haoyi², ZENG Jun¹, ZHANG Zhiguo¹()

1. College of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054
2. The 24th Research Institute of China Electronic Technology Group Corporation, Chongqing 400060

Received:2020-12-09 Revised:2021-02-01 Online:2021-09-25 Published:2021-10-29
Contact: ZHANG Zhiguo E-mail:838872578@qq.com;zzg@cqut.edu.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

锂离子电池组一般通过多个单体电芯串并联连接成组以满足不同的电压等级和容量应用需求,由于单体电池本身的不一致性或外部环境差异,在电池组使用过程中会出现单体电池过充或过放的情况,一定程度上限制了电池组整体性能。针对传统均衡策略需要精确测量锂电池电压的问题,提出一种基于电压平衡的锂电池组均衡电路及策略,该均衡策略通过电压差放大电路对相邻单体电池或相邻电池组间电压差进行放大,通过电压差信号与基准电压来判断电量均衡方向,实现串联电池组的电量均衡。该方案无需精确测量电池电压,系统结构简单,易于模块化设计,避免了使用高精度电压采样芯片,降低了均衡成本。详细阐述了电压差放大电路与均衡电路的拓扑结构、工作原理和控制策略,搭建了Matlab/Simulink仿真模型,验证了所提均衡策略的可行性。

关键词: 放大电路, 电压平衡, 均衡电路, 均衡策略

Abstract:

Lithium-ion battery packs are generally composed of multiple single cells connected in series and parallel to meet the needs of different voltage levels and capacity applications. Due to the inconsistency of the single battery itself or the difference in the external environment, the single battery will be overcharged or overdischarged during the use of the battery pack, which limits the overall performance of the battery pack to a certain extent. Aiming at the problem that the traditional balancing strategy needs to accurately measure the voltage of the lithium battery, a lithium battery pack balancing circuit and strategy based on voltage balance is proposed. The balancing strategy uses a voltage difference amplifier circuit to amplify the voltage difference between adjacent single cells or adjacent battery packs, and uses the voltage difference signal and the reference voltage to determine the cell balance direction to achieve the cell balance of the series battery pack. The solution does not need to accurately measure the voltage of the lithium battery, the system structure is simple, and the modular design is easy, avoiding the use of high-precision voltage sampling chips, and reducing the equalization cost. The topological structure, working principle and control strategy of voltage difference amplifier circuit and equalizing circuit are described in detail, a Matlab/Simulink simulation model is built to verify the feasibility of the proposed equilibrium strategy.

Key words: Amplification circuit, voltage balance, equalization circuit, equalization strategy

中图分类号:

TM912

杜海忠, 骆滔, 宋浩谊, 曾俊, 章治国. 基于电压平衡的锂电池主动均衡电路及策略[J]. 电气工程学报, 2021, 16(3): 145-151.

DU Haizhong, LUO Tao, SONG Haoyi, ZENG Jun, ZHANG Zhiguo. Active Balancing Circuit and Strategy of Li-ion Battery Based on Voltage Balance[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2021, 16(3): 145-151.

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参数名称	参数设计
额定容量/(A·h)	3.4
标称电压/V	3.6
最大电压/V	4.25
截止电压/V	2.75
最大充电电流/C	1
标称放电电流/C	2
电池内阻/mΩ	15
响应时间/ms	10

基于电压平衡的锂电池主动均衡电路及策略

Active Balancing Circuit and Strategy of Li-ion Battery Based on Voltage Balance

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[1]	杨坚,张巧杰. 串联电池组改进电感型均压电路研究[J]. 电气工程学报, 2018, 13(4): 18-25.
[2]	季振东,李东野,孙毅超,赵剑锋,黄允凯. 单相级联型固态变压器直流电压平衡控制研究[J]. 电气工程学报, 2017, 12(5): 15-21.