基于VSG的光储双向变流器关键特性研究

doi:10.11985/2018.07.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

介绍了基于虚拟同步发电机技术的光储双向变流器的拓扑结构与工作原理,基于虚拟同步发电机控制策略进行小信号模型建模,给出虚拟惯性、有功-频率与无功-电压控制的关键参数设计方法,并分析了这些参数对装置性能的影响。最后针对30kW光储一体虚拟同步发电机原理样机,利用PSACD/EMTDC仿真结果和硬件实验结果验证了控制策略、参数设计的有效性。

关键词: 虚拟同步发电机, 有功频率控制, 惯量控制, 参数影响

Abstract:

The topology and working principle of the optical-storage bidirectional converter based on virtual synchronous generator technology is introduced, the small signal model modeling based on the control strategy of virtual synchronous generator is carried out, the design method of key parameters of virtual inertia, active frequency and reactive voltage control is given, and the influence of these parameters on the performance of the device is analyzed. Finally, for the prototype of 30kW virtual synchronous generator integrated with optical and storage, PSACD / EMTDC simulation results and hardware experiment results are used to verify the effectiveness of the control strategy and parameter design.

Key words: Virtual synchronous generator, P-f control, inertia control, parameter influence

中图分类号:

TM615

陶鸿飞,孙丽敬,崔健,杨才明,金渊文,谢栋. 基于VSG的光储双向变流器关键特性研究[J]. 电气工程学报, 2018, 13(7): 40-48.

Tao Hongfei,Sun Lijing,Cui Jian,Yang Caiming,Jin Yuanwen,Xie Dong. Research on Key Characteristics of Optical-Storage Bidirectional Converter Based on Virtual Synchronous Generator Technology[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2018, 13(7): 40-48.

图/表 22

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

表1

表2

图6

图7

图8

图9

表3

图10

图11

图12

图13

图14

表4

图15

图16

图17

图18

参考文献 19

[1]	张永胜 . 世界能源形势分析[M]. 北京: 经济科学出版化, 2010.
[2]	刘振亚 . 中国电力与能源[M]. 北京: 中国电力出版社, 2012.
[3]	Driesen J, Visscher K. Virtual synchronous generators[C]. Power & Energy Society General Meeting-Conversion & Delivery of Electrical Energy in the Century, Pittsburgh, 2008: 1-3.
[4]	郑天文, 陈来军, 陈天一 , 等. 虚拟同步发电机技术及展望[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2015,39(21):165-175.
	Zheng Tianwen, Chen Laijun, Chen Tianyi , et al. Review and prospect of virtual synchronous generator technologies[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2015,39(21):165-175.
[5]	Shintai T, Miura Y, Ise T. Reactive power control for load sharing with virtual synchronous generator control[C]. Power Electronics & Motion Control Conference, Harbin, 2012: 846-853.
[6]	Beck H P, Hesse R. Virtual sysnchronous machine[C]. Proceedings of 9th International Conference on Electrical Power Quality and Utilisation, Barcelona, 2007: 1-6.
[7]	Visscher K, De Haan S W H. Virtual synchronous machines (VSG’s) for frequency stabilisation in future grids with a significant share of decentralized generation[C]. Smartgrids for Distribution, Iet-cired Cired Seminar, Frankfurt, 2008: 1-4.
[8]	Zhong Qingchang, Weiss G . Synchronverters: inverters that mimic syschronous generators[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2011,58(4):1259-1267. doi: 10.1109/TIE.2010.2048839
[9]	Zhong Qingchang, Nguyen P hi-Long, Ma Zhenyu, et al. Self-synchronized synchronverters: inverters without a dedicated synchronization unit[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Eletronics, 2014,29(2):617-630.
[10]	吕志鹏, 盛万兴, 钟庆昌 , 等. 虚拟同步发电机及其在微电网中的应用[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2014,34(16):2591-2603. doi: 10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.2014.16.009
	Lv Zhipeng, Sheng Wanxing, Zhong Qingchang , et al. Virtual syschronous generator and its applications in micro-grid[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2014,34(16):2591-2603. doi: 10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.2014.16.009
[11]	孟建辉, 王毅, 石新春 , 等基于虚拟同步发电机的分布式逆变电源控制策略及参数分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2014,29(12):1-10.
	Meng Jianhui, Wang Yi, Shi Xinchun , et al. Control strategy and parameter analysis of distributed inverters based on VSG[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2014,29(12):1-10.
[12]	徐海珍, 张兴, 刘芳 , 等. 基于超前滞后环节虚拟惯性的VSG控制策略[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2017,37(7):1919-1926.
	Xu Haizhen, Zhang Xing, Liu Fang , et al. Virtual syschronous generator control strategy based on load-lag link virtual intertia[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2017,37(7):1919-1926.
[13]	王镇雄, 易皓, 卓放 , 等. 应用于光伏微网的一种虚拟同步发电机结构及其动态性能分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2017,37(2):444-453.
	Wang Zhenxiong, Yi Fang, Zhuo Fang , et al. A hardware structure of virtual synchronous generator in photovoltaic microgrid and its dynamic performance anaysis[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2017,37(2):444-453.
[14]	郑天文, 陈来军, 刘炜 , 等. 考虑源端动态特性的光伏虚拟同步机多模式运行控制[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2017,37(2):454-464.
	Zheng Tianwen, Chen Laijun, Liu Wei , et al. Muti-mode operation control for photovoltaic virtual syschronous genetator considering the dynamic characteristics of primary source[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2017,37(2):454-464.
[15]	Lee C T, Chu C C, Cheng P T . A new droop control method for the autonomous operation of distributed energy resource interface converters[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2013,28(4):1980-1993. doi: 10.1109/TPEL.2012.2205944
[16]	Shintai T, Miura Y, Ise T. Reactive power control for load sharing with virtual synchronous generator control[C]. Power Electronics & Motion Control Conference, 2012: 846-853.
[17]	Cespedes M, Sun J. Online grid impedance identification for adaptive control of grid-connected inverters [C]. Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, 2012: 914-921.
[18]	吕志鹏, 苏剑, 李蕊 , 等. 不同功率等级微源逆变器并联控制新方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2013,28(7):191-198.
	Lv Zhipeng, Su Jian, Li Rui , et al. New power control strategy on paralleled micro-source inverters with different power levels[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2013,28(7):191-198.
[19]	张兴, 朱德斌, 徐海珍 . 分布式发电中的虚拟同步发电机技术[J]. 电源学报, 2012,10(3):1-6.
	Zhang Xing, Zhu Debin, Xu Haizhen . Virtual synchronous generator technology in DG[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2012,10(3):1-6.

参数	取值	参数	取值
额定容量/kV·A	10	滤波电感L₂/mH	3
直流电压/V	700	网侧电感L₃/mH	1
直流侧电容/μF	1 000	滤波电容/μF	10
电网相电压/V	220	—	—

参数	有功环		无功环
参数	D_p	J	D_q	K
取值范围	0~5	0~0.1	0~321	0~8

技术参数	技术指标
直流最大输入电压/V	1 000
直流电压范围/V	200~1 000
直流最大输入功率/kW	37.5
直流最大输入电流/A	34
交流额定工作电压	380V,三相三线
交流电压范围/V	300~400
交流额定输出电流/A	45
储能配置	10kW、0.5h
直流滤波电感L₁/mH	1
直流侧电容C₁/μF	100
交流侧电感L₂/mH	1.5
直流侧电容C₂/μF	10
交流侧电感L₃/mH	0.1
有功环下垂系数D_p	5
无功环下垂系数D_q	1
有功环惯性系数J	0.1
无功环惯性系数K	7

	f/Hz	响应时间t_r/s	调节时间t_s/s	误差/kW
轻载	48.5	0.50	1.0	0.55
轻载	50.4	0.25	1.0	0.30
重载	48.5	0.50	0.9	0.50
重载	50.4	0.20	1.0	0.20