从电池管理到电化学数字电源*

doi:10.11985/2024.01.002

电气工程学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (1): 3-22.doi: 10.11985/2024.01.002

• 特邀专栏:储能关键装备数字化智能安全管理技术 • 上一篇下一篇

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从电池管理到电化学数字电源^*

朱建功(), 戴海峰(), 王学远(), 姜波(), 魏学哲()

同济大学汽车学院上海 201804

收稿日期:2023-08-01 修回日期:2023-09-18 出版日期:2024-03-25 发布日期:2024-04-25
作者简介:朱建功，男，1990年生，博士，副教授。主要研究方向为新能源汽车动力电池技术、电池寿命衰减解析、测量评估及预测优化。E-mail：zhujiangong@tongji.edu.cn;
戴海峰，男，1981年生，博士，教授。主要研究方向为复合电源管理技术、状态估计方法。E-mail：tongjidai@tongji.edu.cn;
王学远，男，1990年生，博士，助理教授。主要研究方向为电池电化学阻抗谱及先进BMS设计。E-mail：7wangxueyuan@tongji.edu.cn;
姜波，男，1992年生，博士。主要研究方向为车用动力电池状态估计方法及健康管理技术。E-mail：jiangbo15@tongji.edu.cn;
魏学哲，男，1970年生，博士，教授。主要研究方向为复合电源技术、电力电子技术。E-mail：weixzh@tongji.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52107230);国家自然科学基金资助项目(U20A20310);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52176199)

Battery Management towards the Digitalized Electrochemical Power Source

ZHU Jiangong(), DAI Haifeng(), WANG Xueyuan(), JIANG Bo(), WEI Xuezhe()

School of Automotive Studies, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804

Received:2023-08-01 Revised:2023-09-18 Online:2024-03-25 Published:2024-04-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

电源技术的发展对绿色交通、规模化储能、智慧电网等领域具有重要作用。以电化学器件为代表的电化学电源具有反应机理复杂、多物理场、多尺度特性，同时工作过程中表现出强非线性、时变性及空间分布等特点，为电源的管理带来了挑战。本文以动力电池为对象，分别从模型、测量和管理三个方面阐述当前电池管理技术的研究现状及发展趋势，认为局限于本地的管理技术将逐渐走向全局的数字化管控，提出电化学数字电源的概念并诠释其内涵，旨在助力新能源汽车、氢电储能、新型电网、充电基础设施等电化学电源应用场景的发展。

关键词: 电池, 模型, 测量, 管理, 电化学数字电源

Abstract:

The development of power sources plays a vital role in green transportation, large-scale energy storage, smart grid, etc. Electrochemical power sources, usually, have complex reaction mechanisms, and multi-physic and multi-scale characteristics. Also, they exhibit strong nonlinearity, time-varying, and spatial distribution characteristics during operation, which brings challenges to battery management. The power battery is taken as the object, the current research status and technology development trend are reviewed from aspects of battery modeling, measurement, and management, and it is proposed that the local management will move towards global digital management. The concept of digitalized electrochemical power source aims to facilitate the development of electrochemical power source application scenarios, e.g., new energy vehicles, hydrogen energy storage, new power grids, and charging infrastructure.

Key words: Battery, model, measurement, management, digitalized electrochemical power source

中图分类号:

TM91

朱建功, 戴海峰, 王学远, 姜波, 魏学哲. 从电池管理到电化学数字电源^*[J]. 电气工程学报, 2024, 19(1): 3-22.

ZHU Jiangong, DAI Haifeng, WANG Xueyuan, JIANG Bo, WEI Xuezhe. Battery Management towards the Digitalized Electrochemical Power Source[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2024, 19(1): 3-22.

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芯片型号	AD位数	最大通道数	通信方式	AD采样精度	转换开始至结果可读所有通道总时间/μs	所有通道数据传输时间/μs	最大采样频率/Hz
MAX14920 (Maxim)	16	16	1 Mbps SPI	1.6 mV, f≤285 Hz 1.6 V, f≥1 kHz	8 000 (含校准时间)	256	121
LTC6811 (ADI)	16	12	1 Mbps SPI	1.2 mV, f≤7 kHz 4.7 mV, f≥14 kHz	1 564 (含校准时间)	192	569
MC33771(NXP)	16	14	4 Mbps SPI	0.8 mV	520	56	1 736

名称	是否原位探测	是否监测商用电池	电压相关	精度/ (×10^-6)	分辨率/ (×10^-6)	响应时间/s	监测气体类型
气相色谱质谱法	×	×	×	10	0.1	5	H₂，O₂，CO，CO₂，CH₄，C₂H₄，挥发性有机(VOCs)；非挥发性气体除外
傅里叶变换红外光谱法	×	×	×	—	—	<10^-6	CO，CO₂，CH₄，C₂H₄，VOCs; 单原子和同核分子除外，如He，H₂
核磁共振光谱	×	×	×	—	—	>10^-4	H₂，O₂，CO，CO₂，CH₄，C₂H₄等
在线/微分电化学质谱技术	√	×	√	10	0.1	5	H₂，O₂，CO，CO₂，CH₄，C₂H₄，VOCs等；惰性气体除外
原位拉曼光谱	√	√	×	—	—	<10^-6	CH₄，CO₂，CO； H₂、惰性气体除外
非色散红外气体传感器	√	√	√	50	1	20	H₂，CO，CO₂，CH₄，C₂H₄； O₂、惰性气体除外

从电池管理到电化学数字电源^*

Battery Management towards the Digitalized Electrochemical Power Source

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