电气化铁路27.5 kV电缆护层保护器参数研究*

doi:10.11985/2023.03.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

27.5 kV电缆是高速铁路牵引供电系统的重要基础设施，其运行状况直接关系到高速铁路运输安全和运营品质。首先分析了护层保护器的工作原理，研究了三相电力电缆和电气化铁路用单相27.5 kV电缆的差异，总结了目前电气化铁路27.5 kV电缆用护层保护器现状及存在的问题；其次总结了27.5 kV电缆的接地方式，然后分别针对不同导线截面、不同外护套绝缘材料、不同屏蔽铜丝数量的27.5 kV电缆，对护层保护器接地线、额定电压、起始动作电压、持续运行电压、标称放电电流、标称放电电流下的残压、工频耐受电压、耐受大电流冲击电压、通流容量、电缆护层最低冲击电压、残压、动作次数寿命等参数进行了详细的研究，并提出了护层保护器参数的建议，对于电气化铁路护层保护器标准指定以及选型具有一定参考意义。

关键词: 高速铁路, 27.5 kV电缆, 护层保护器

Abstract:

The 27.5 kV cable is an important infrastructure for the traction power supply system of high-speed railway, and its operation is directly related to the safety and operation quality of high-speed railway transportation. Firstly, the working principle of the cladding protector is analyzed, the differences between the three-phase power cable and the single-phase 27.5 kV cable for electrified railway is analyzed, and the current status and existing problems of the current sheath protector for electrified railway 27.5 kV cable are summarized. Secondly, the grounding method of 27.5 kV cable is summarized, and then for the 27.5 kV cable with different conductor sections, different outer sheath insulation materials, and different number of shielded copper wires, the grounding wire, rated voltage, starting operating voltage, continuous operation voltage, nominal discharge current, residual voltage under nominal discharge current, power frequency withstand voltage, withstand high current surge voltage, current capacity, cable sheath minimum impact voltage, residual voltage, action number life and other parameters are studied in detail. And the parameters of the cladding protector are proposed, which has certain reference significance for the standard designation and selection of electrified railway cladding protector.

Key words: High speed railway, 27.5 kV single core cable, protective layer protector

中图分类号:

TM561

何常红, 韩凌青, 方怡, 王生龙, 郭琦沛, 李少鹏. 电气化铁路27.5 kV电缆护层保护器参数研究^*[J]. 电气工程学报, 2023, 18(3): 99-108.

HE Changhong, HAN Lingqing, FANG Yi, WANG Shenglong, GUO Qipei, LI Shaopeng. Research on Grounding and Sheath Protector Parameters of AC 27.5 kV Single Core Cable for Railway Electrification[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2023, 18(3): 99-108.

图/表 12

图1

图2

图3

表1

表2

表3

表4

表5

表6

表7

表8

表9

参考文献 24

[1]	易志兴, 曹晓斌, 吴广宁, 等. 高速铁路电缆接地方式对护层感应电压的影响[J]. 铁道科学与工程学报, 2014, 11(6):109-115.
	YI Zhixing, CAO Xiaobin, WU Guangning, et al. Influence of high-speed railway cable grounding mode on the induced voltage of the cable sheath[J]. Journal of Railway Science and Engineering, 2014, 11(6):109-115.
[2]	邹军, 袁建生, 陆家榆, 等. 直埋金属管道对其内铠装通信电缆的电磁屏蔽计算[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2000, 20(4):45-50.
	ZOU Jun, YUAN Jiansheng, LU Jiayu, et al. Electromagnetic shielding calculation of the telecommunication cables surrounded buffed pipelines[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2000, 20(4):45-50.
[3]	曹晓斌, 田明明, 张血琴, 等. PW 线升高或架设避雷线雷电防护效果综合评估[J]. 高电压技术, 2015, 41(11):3590-3596.
	CAO Xiaobin, TIAN Mingming, ZHANG Xueqin, et al. Comprehensive evaluation on lightning protection effect of elevating the protection wire or setting lightning conductor of catenary system[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2015, 41(11):3590-3596.
[4]	中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 中国国家标准化管理委员会. GB/T 28427—2012 电气化铁路27.5 kV单相交流交联聚乙烯绝缘电缆及附件[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2012.
	General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China. GB/T 28427—2012 27.5 kV single-phase AC XLPE insulation cable and accessories for electrification railway[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2012.
[5]	胡振兴, 丁唯, 齐春. 大短路电流对单芯电缆护层电压保护器设计选型的影响[C]// 四川省电气照明学会,四川省电气照明学会2014年年会. 成都: 四川省电气照明学会, 2014.
	HU Zhenxing, DING Wei, QI Chun. The influence of large short circuit current on the design and selection of single core cable sheath voltage protectors[C]// Sichuan Electric Lighting Society,2014 Annual Meeting of Sichuan Electric Lighting Society. Chengdu: Sichuan Electric Lighting Society, 2014.
[6]	XU H, MARDIANA R, SU C Q, et al. Study on the capacity of sheath-protecting surge arrester at a 230 kV cable end[C]//2011 IEEE GCC Conference and Exhibition,February l9-22,2011,Dubai,UAE. New York: IEEE, 2011:489-492.
[7]	高俊国, 于平澜, 李紫云, 等. 基于有限元法的电缆金属护套感应电压仿真分析[J]. 高电压技术, 2014, 40(3):714-720.
	GAO Junguo, YU Pinglan, LI Ziyun, et al. Simulation analysis of induced voltage on metal sheath of power cable based on finite element method[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2014, 40(3):714-720.
[8]	郭兴军, 牛海清, 王晓兵, 等. 高压单芯电缆护套操作过电压计算及冲击试验[J]. 高电压技术, 2007, 33(10):147-150.
	GUO Xingjun, NIU Haiqing, WANG Xiaobing, et al. Calculation and test of sheath overvoltage of single-core cable[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2007, 33(10):147-150.
[9]	罗俊华, 周作春, 李华春, 等. 单芯电力电缆金属护层过电压保护器参数设计[J]. 高电压技术, 2008, 34(2):355-358.
	LUO Junhua, ZHOU Zuochun, LI Huachun, et al. Technical parameters design of over voltage protector for single-core power cable shield sheath[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2008, 34(2):355-358.
[10]	陈凯. 氧化锌避雷器(MOA)发展和试验化的研究[D]. 吉林: 吉林大学, 2014.
	CHEN Kai. Research on the development and experimentation of zinc oxide arrester(MOA)[D]. Jilin:Jilin University, 2014.
[11]	MILAN S. Selection of the surge arrester energy absorption capability relating to lightning overvoltages[C]// 18th International Conference and Exhibition on Electricity Distribution,CIRED 2005,June 6-9,2005,Turin,Italy. New York: IEEE, 2005:1-3.
[12]	迟屹君, 钟庆东, 张剑平, 等. 高通流能力电阻片的研究进展[J]. 电瓷避雷器, 2004(6):29-33.
	CHI Yijun, ZHONG Qingdong, ZHANG Jianping, et al. The progress on the high energy discharge capability of ZnO varistors[J]. Insulators and Surge Arresters, 2004(6):29-33.
[13]	姚金霞. 从一起电缆故障谈超高压电缆金属护套的接地方式[J]. 高电压技术, 2004, 30(s1):48-49.
	YAO Jinxia. Discussion on the grounding mode of cable sheath based on a power cable fault[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2004, 30(s1):48-49.
[14]	中国国家发展和改革委员会. DL/T 401—2002 高压电缆选用导则[S]. 北京: 中国电力出版社, 2002.
	National Development and Reform Commission. DL/T 401—2002 Guide to the selection of high-voltage cables[S]. Beijing: China Electric Power Press, 2002.
[15]	李进军. 电气化铁路27.5 kV电缆护层保护器选择浅析[J]. 铁道标准设计, 2012, 3(3):94-96.
	LI Jinjun. Analysis on choosing the protector of 27.5 kV cable sheath in electrified railway[J]. Railway Standard Design, 2012, 3(3):94-96.
[16]	国家铁路局. TB 10621—2014 高速铁路设计规范[S]. 北京: 中国铁道出版社, 2015.
	National Railway Administration of the People’s Republic of China. TB 10621—2014 Code for design of high speed railway[S]. Beijing: China Railway Press, 2015.
[17]	中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部, 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局. GB/T 50065—2011 交流电气装置的接地设计规范[S]. 北京: 中国计划出版社, 2012.
	Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China,General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China. GB/T 50065—2011 Code for design of ac electrical installations earthing[S]. Beijing: China Planning Press, 2012.
[18]	国家铁路局. TB 10180—2016 铁路防雷及接地工程技术规范[S]. 北京: 中国铁道出版社, 2016.
	National Railway Administration of the People’s Republic of China. TB 10180—2016 Technical code for railway lightning protection and grounding engineering[S]. Beijing: China Railway Press, 2016.
[19]	国家能源局. DL/T 5756—2017 额定电压35 kV (U_m=40.5 kV)及以下冷缩式电缆附件安装规程[S]. 北京: 中国电力出版社,2017.
	National Energy Administration of the People’s Republic of China. DL/T 5756—2017 Cold shrinkable accessories installing code of power cables for rated voltages up to 35 kV(U_m=40.5 kV)[S]. Beijing: China Electric Power Press,2017.
[20]	国家能源局. DL/T 5758—2017 额定电压35 kV (U_m=40.5 kV)及以下预制式电缆附件安装规程[S]. 北京: 中国电力出版社,2017.
	National Energy Administration of the People’s Republic of China. DL/T 5758—2017 Premoulded accessories installing code of power cables for rated voltages up to 35 kV(U_m=40.5 kV)[S]. Beijing: China Electric Power Press,2017.
[21]	国家铁路局. TB 10009—2016 铁路电力牵引供电设计规范[S]. 北京: 中国铁道出版社, 2016.
	National Railway Administration of the People’s Republic of China. TB 10009—2016 Code for design of railway traction power supply[S]. Beijing: China Railway Press, 2016.
[22]	中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 中国国家标准化管理委员会. GB/T 28547—2012 交流金属氧化物避雷器选择和使用导则[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2012.
	General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China. GB/T 28547—2012 Selection and application recommendations of metal oxide surge arresters for a.c. systems[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China,2012.
[23]	中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 中国国家标准化管理委员会. GB/T 11032—2010 交流无间隙金属氧化物避雷器[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2010.
	General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China. GB/T 11032—2010 Metal-oxide surge arresters without gaps for a.c. systems[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China,2010.
[24]	中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 中国国家标准化管理委员会. GB/T 2952.2—2008 电缆外护层第2部分:金属套电缆外护层[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2008.
	General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China. GB/T 2952.2—2008 Protective coverings for electric cables-Part 2:Protective coverings for cables with metallic sheath[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2008.

27.5 kV 电缆导体标称截面积/mm²	引出屏蔽软铜丝标称截面/mm²
95	25
120	25
150	25
185	35
240	35
300	50
400	50

27.5 kV电缆导体标称截面积/mm²	引出导线允许最小截面/mm²
95	25
120	25
150	25
185	35
240	35
300	50
400	50

电缆标称截面积/mm²	扁钢母线允许最小截面/mm²
95	210
120	250
150	310
185	380
240	490
300	620
400	820

材料名称	导电率(%IACS)	K_f常数
纯铜导线	100	3.55
镀锌钢	8.6	14.67
1020钢	10.8	8.08
镀铜钢接地母线	20	7.42
铜包钢绞线	30	6.11
铜包钢绞线	40	5.3

电缆规格/ mm²	屏蔽铜丝根数n	n(1/n-1)	电缆导体半径r_c/mm	金属屏蔽半径r/mm
1×95	42	1.095 4	5.85	20.185
1×120	42	1.095 4	6.55	20.885
1×150	42	1.095 4	7.3	21.635
1×185	59	1.072 8	8.15	22.485
1×240	59	1.072 8	9.2	23.535
1×300	84	1.054 8	10.3	24.635
1×400	84	1.054 8	11.75	26.085