油浸式有载分接开关的电弧温度场特性仿真研究

doi:10.11985/2023.03.015

电气工程学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (3): 135-144.doi: 10.11985/2023.03.015

• 特邀专栏：电气化交通中的高压绝缘与防护新技术 • 上一篇下一篇

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油浸式有载分接开关的电弧温度场特性仿真研究

李帅兵(), 李宗英(), 杨兴祖(), 康永强(), 董海鹰()

兰州交通大学新能源与动力工程学院兰州 730070

收稿日期:2023-04-17 修回日期:2023-05-25 出版日期:2023-09-25 发布日期:2023-10-23
通讯作者: 李帅兵，男，1989年生，博士，副教授。主要研究方向为高压电气设备检测与故障诊断、新能源电力装备状态评估与系统安全。E-mail：shuaibingli@mail.lzjtu.cn
作者简介:李宗英，男，1997年生，硕士研究生。主要研究方向为电力设备的故障诊断与状态监测。E-mail：lizongying1998@163.com
杨兴祖，男，1996年生，硕士研究生。主要研究方向为高压设备故障诊断与监测。E-mail：yangxingzu1121@163.com
康永强，男，1988年生，博士，副教授。主要研究方向为极端环境高压放电与绝缘防护、多物理场耦合建模与数值计算、新能源电力装备状态检测与评估。E-mail：kangyong137@163.com
董海鹰，男，1966年生，博士，教授。主要研究方向为电力系统运行与优化控制、新能源发电技术、能源互联网的建模与智能控制技术、新能源电动汽车动力系统运行控制。E-mail：hydong@mail.lzjtu.cn

Simulation Study on Arc Temperature Field Characteristics of Oil-immersed On-load Tap-changer

LI Shuaibing(), LI Zongying(), YANG Xingzu(), KANG Yongqiang(), DONG Haiying()

School of New Energy and Power Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070

Received:2023-04-17 Revised:2023-05-25 Online:2023-09-25 Published:2023-10-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着新能源的大规模并网，电力系统对电网电压的精细化调控需求不断增加，使得有载分接开关的动作更加频繁，其触头电气磨损严重、故障率逐年上升。为探究有载分接开关的开关触头在绝缘油中的电气磨损情况，对有载分接开关滑动过程中所产生的电弧特性展开研究。基于流体动力学理论，建立有载分接开关的电弧等离子体仿真分析模型，仿真得到电弧的温度分布和有载分接开关触头表面温度分布特性，并在实验室搭建了有载分接开关的载流摩擦磨损试验平台，对触头间的电弧仿真模型进行了试验验证。结果表明，在起弧前，触头表面温度随时间慢慢升高，随滑动速度增大而下降；在起弧过程中，电弧温度极速升高，电流的增大，使电弧能量增大，电弧温度和触头表面温度升高；在滑动速度55 mm/s之前，电弧温度随着滑动速度增大而增大，当滑动速度介于55~100 mm/s时，电弧温度呈先下降后上升的趋势，电弧能量在滑动速度为90 mm/s时达到最小，该发现可为触头机构的优化设计提供参考。

关键词: 有载分接开关, 电弧模型, 电弧温度, 滑动速度, 电气磨损

Abstract:

With the large-scale integration of new energy, the demand for refined regulation of grid voltage in power system is increasing, which makes the action of on-load tap-changer more frequent, and the electrical wear of its contacts is serious and the failure rate is increasing year by year. In order to explore the electrical wear of the switch contacts of the on-load tap-changer in insulating oil, the arc characteristics generated during the sliding process of the on-load tap-changer are studied. Based on the theory of fluid dynamics, the arc plasma simulation analysis model of the on-load tap-changer is established, and the temperature distribution of the arc and the temperature distribution characteristics of the contact surface of the on-load tap-changer are simulated. The current-carrying friction and wear test platform of the on-load tap-changer is built in the laboratory, and the arc simulation model between the contacts is tested and verified. The results show that the surface temperature of the contact increases slowly with time and decreases with the increase of sliding speed before arcing. During the arcing process, the arc temperature increases extremely, the current increases, the arc energy increases, the arc temperature and the contact surface temperature increase. Before the sliding velocity of 55 mm/s, the arc temperature increases with the increase of the sliding speed. When the sliding speed is between 55 mm/s and 100 mm/s, the arc temperature decreases first and then increases, and the arc energy reaches the minimum when the sliding speed is 90 mm/s. The discovery can provide reference for the optimal design of the contact mechanism.

Key words: On-load tap-changer, arc model, arc temperature, sliding velocity, electrical wear

中图分类号:

TM561

李帅兵, 李宗英, 杨兴祖, 康永强, 董海鹰. 油浸式有载分接开关的电弧温度场特性仿真研究[J]. 电气工程学报, 2023, 18(3): 135-144.

LI Shuaibing, LI Zongying, YANG Xingzu, KANG Yongqiang, DONG Haiying. Simulation Study on Arc Temperature Field Characteristics of Oil-immersed On-load Tap-changer[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2023, 18(3): 135-144.

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材料类型	相对磁导率	电导率/(S/m)	相对介电常数
铜	1	5.99×10⁷	1
绝缘油	1	3×10^-13	2.2

参数	拟合公式
动力粘度$\mu $	$\mu (T)=0.084\ 67-0.000\ 4T+5e\text{xp}(-7{{T}^{2}})$
恒压热容${{C}_{\text{p}}}$	${{C}_{\text{p}}}(T)=807.163+3.58T$
流体密度$\rho $	$\rho (T)=1\ 098.72-0.712T$
导热系数$k$	$k(T)=0.159-7.101e\text{xp(}-5T\text{)}$

油浸式有载分接开关的电弧温度场特性仿真研究

Simulation Study on Arc Temperature Field Characteristics of Oil-immersed On-load Tap-changer

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