高速动车组牵引变流器的压力特性及温升计算*

doi:10.11985/2023.02.030

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为分析高速动车组运行过程中列车表面压力对牵引变流器进出风口的影响以及牵引变流器的冷却散热效果，首先建立列车明线运行的空气动力学模型，通过数值模拟得到高速动车组以速度350 km/h明线运行时的压力分布特性，结果表明牵引变流器的进出风口均为负压，出风口与进风口平均压差值为负值，这有利于牵引变流器的通风散热；然后根据牵引变流器的结构特点分别建立了液冷子系统和风冷子系统的仿真模型，得到主逆变组件、整流组件和辅助逆变组件的绝缘栅双极型晶体管(Insulated gate bipolar transistor, IGBT)元件温升，以及变压器、电抗器等电气部件的温升；最后通过温升试验验证仿真计算结果的准确性和牵引变流器的散热效果。牵引变流器的压力特性及温升计算，对于高速动车组的开发研制具有一定意义。

关键词: 高速动车组, 牵引变流器, 空气动力学, 压力特性, 温升计算

Abstract:

In order to analyze the influence of the surface pressure of the train on the air inlet and outlet of the traction converter and the cooling effect of the traction converter during the operation of the high-speed electric multiple units(EMU), the aerodynamic model of the open line operation of the train is established. The pressure distribution characteristics of the high-speed EMU running at the speed of 350 km/h are obtained by numerical simulation. The results show that the air inlet and outlet of the traction converter are all negative pressure, the average pressure difference between the air outlet and inlet is negative, which is conducive to the ventilation and heat dissipation of the traction converter. Then, according to the structure characteristics of the traction converter, the simulation models of the liquid cooling subsystem and the air cooling subsystem are established respectively, and the insulated gate bipolar transistor(IGBT) component temperature rise of the main inverter assembly, rectifier assembly and auxiliary inverter assembly, as well as the temperature rise of the electrical components such as transformer and reactor are obtained. Finally, the accuracy of the simulation results and the cooling effect of the traction converter are verified by the temperature rise test. The calculation of pressure characteristics and temperature rise of the traction converter has certain significance for the development of high speed EMU.

Key words: High speed EMU, traction converter, aerodynamics, pressure characteristics, temperature rise calculation

中图分类号:

U270

丁杰, 尹亮. 高速动车组牵引变流器的压力特性及温升计算^*[J]. 电气工程学报, 2023, 18(2): 287-294.

DING Jie, YIN Liang. Pressure Characteristics and Temperature Rise Calculation of Traction Converter for High Speed EMU[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2023, 18(2): 287-294.

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位置	2号车	3号车	6号车	7号车
进风口1	-97	-140	-61	-65
进风口2	-101	-136	-68	-66
出风口1	-185	-355	-307	-277
出风口2	-173	-347	-353	-321
出风口3	-161	-318	-274	-253
出风口4	-157	-280	-212	-201
进风口平均值	-99.0	-138.0	-64.5	-65.5
出风口平均值	-169.0	-325.0	-286.5	-263.0
出风口与进风口差值	-70.0	-187.0	-222.0	-197.5