基于电导增量法的全局最大功率点跟踪算法

doi:10.11985/2023.02.025

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在部分阴影条件(Partially shaded condition, PSC)下，光伏阵列的功率曲线有多个峰值。传统的跟踪方法只在均匀光照条件(Uniform irradiance condition，UIC)下有效，在PSC情况下则无法追踪到全局峰值(Global peak，GP)。为了在均匀光照条件下和部分阴影条件下均能快速有效地跟踪到GP，提出一种基于变步长电导增量(Incremental conductance，INC)法的GP跟踪算法。该算法主体由四个步骤构成，通过循环执行这四个步骤来寻找全局峰值点。为了提高跟踪精度，所提算法在局部峰值点附近使用一种变步长的INC算法以减小扰动步长。为了减少跟踪时间，算法采用了两种扰动步长，特别是在步骤二和步骤三中通过采用较大的扰动步长，加快了跟踪速度。最后，通过在Matlab构建模型，验证了所提算法的效果。仿真结果表明，该方法比传统的INC全局方法速度更快、精度更大、效率更高。

关键词: 光伏阵列, 电导增量法, 局部阴影, 全局峰值

Abstract:

Under the partially shaded condition(PSC), the power curve of the photovoltaic array has multiple peaks. The traditional tracking methods are effective under uniform illumination condition(UIC), but cannot track the global peak(GP) under PSC. In order to track GP quickly and effectively under uniform illumination condition and partially shaded condition, a GP tracking algorithm based on variable step incremental conductance(INC) method is proposed. The main body of the algorithm consists of four steps, which are executed circularly to find the global peak point. In order to improve the tracking accuracy, the algorithm uses an INC algorithm with variable step size to reduce the disturbance step size near the local peak point. In order to reduce the tracking time, the algorithm uses two kinds of perturbation step. Especially in step 2 and step 3, the tracking speed is accelerated by adopting a larger disturbance step size. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified by building a model in Matlab. Simulation results show that the proposed method is faster, more accurate and more efficient than the traditional INC global method.

Key words: PV array, conductance increment method, local shadow, global peak

中图分类号:

TM615

刘祚松, 王红艳, 周蒙恩, 钱阳. 基于电导增量法的全局最大功率点跟踪算法[J]. 电气工程学报, 2023, 18(2): 245-253.

LIU Zuosong, WANG Hongyan, ZHOU Mengen, QIAN Yang. Global Maximum Power Point Tracking Algorithm Based on Conductance Increment Method[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2023, 18(2): 245-253.

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参数	数值
组件开路电压U_oc/V	37.3
组件短路电流I_sc/A	8.62
组件MPP点电压U_m/V	30.5
组件MPP点电流I_m/A	8.03
组件MPP点功率P_m/W	244.915

不同光照情况	光伏电池1	光伏电池2	光伏电池3
情况a	700	700	700
情况b	1 000	1 000	1 000
情况c	400	400	400
情况d	1 000	300	280
情况e	1 000	700	400
情况f	1 000	700	500

不同光照情况	所提算法	文献[3]
情况a	0.12	0.08
情况b	0.08	0.06
情况c	0.15	0.12

不同光照情况	算法	P_ideal/W	P_real/W	η(%)
情况d	所提算法	233.59	233.29	99.87
情况d	传统INC	233.59	229.20	98.12
情况e	所提算法	362.44	360.63	99.50
情况e	传统INC	362.44	356.92	98.47
情况f	所提算法	406.73	403.95	99.32
情况f	传统INC	406.73	401.91	98.81