基于参数优化的VMD与TEO融合的微电网电能质量检测方法*

doi:10.11985/2023.02.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对变分模态分解(Variational mode decomposition，VMD)检测微电网中多类电能质量扰动信号时，其实时性差及多类信号难以统一处理的问题，提出一种参数优化的VMD与Teager能量算子(Teager energy operator，TEO)融合的微电网电能质量扰动检测方法。针对VMD方法参数难确定的问题，利用天牛须搜索(Beetle antennae search，BAS)对VMD方法的最佳参数进行优化搜索。搜索过程以VMD分解后各本征模函数的包络熵极小值与VMD迭代次数的结合作为适应度函数。根据搜索结果设定VMD方法的最佳分解层数K和惩罚因子α，并运用参数优化VMD对扰动信号进行分解。针对扰动信号经分解后本征模函数的筛选问题，以包络熵为指标，选取包络熵较小值的本征模函数进行TEO解调分析，提取扰动信号的特征信息。仿真结果表明，融合算法能实现对微电网电能质量扰动的准确检测，并具有良好的抗噪性。

关键词: 变分模态分解, 天牛须搜索, 电能质量扰动, Teager能量算子, 包络熵, 本征模函数

Abstract:

Aiming at the problems of poor real-time performance and difficult unified processing of multiple types of power quality disturbance signals detected by variational mode decomposition(VMD) in microgrid, a power quality disturbance detection method for microgrid based on the combination of parameter optimization VMD and Teager energy operator(TEO) is proposed. Aiming at the problem that the parameters of VMD method are difficult to be determined, the optimal parameters of VMD method are optimized by using beetle antennae search(BAS). In the search process, the combination of the minimum envelope entropy of each intrinsic mode function after VMD decomposition and the number of iterations of VMD is taken as the fitness function. According to the search results, the optimal decomposition layer K and penalty factor α of VMD method are set, and the parameter optimization VMD is used to decompose the disturbance signal. Aiming at the problem of screening intrinsic mode function after disturbance signal decomposition, the intrinsic mode function with smaller envelope entropy is selected to perform TEO demodulation analysis, and the characteristic information of disturbance signal is extracted. The simulation results show that the fusion algorithm can accurately detect the power quality disturbance of microgrid, and has good noise resistance.

Key words: Variational modal decomposition, beetle antennae search, power quality perturbation, Teager energy operator, envelope entropy, intrinsic mode function

中图分类号:

TM711

王玉梅, 郑义. 基于参数优化的VMD与TEO融合的微电网电能质量检测方法^*[J]. 电气工程学报, 2023, 18(2): 164-173.

WANG Yumei, ZHENG Yi. Microgrid Power Quality Detection Method Based on Parameter Optimization Fusion of VMD and TEO[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2023, 18(2): 164-173.

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扰动类型	SNR	扰动起始时刻/s				扰动终止时刻/s				扰动幅值/p.u.
		真实值	测量值			真实值	测量值			真实值	测量值
		真实值				真实值	HHT	LMD	VMD-TEO	真实值		HHT	LMD	VMD-TEO	HHT	LMD	VMD-TEO
电压中断	无噪	0.050	0.048 7	0.048 5	0.049 6	0.150	0.148 2	0.148 0	0.149 3	0.94	0.915 8	0.921 3	0.934 4
电压中断	20 dB	0.050	—	—	0.049 5	0.150	—	—	0.149 0	0.94	—	—	0.931 6
电压暂降	无噪	0.125	0.123 8	0.122 9	0.124 6	0.265	0.263 0	0.262 7	0.264 2	0.50	0.488 7	0.492 1	0.497 9
电压暂降	20 dB	0.125	—	—	0.124 5	0.265	—	—	0.264 3	0.50	—	—	0.494 6
电压闪变	无噪	0.254	0.248 2	0.247 3	0.252 8	0.365	0.360 7	0.358 9	0.364 2	0.15	0.132 0	0.134 7	0.146 4
电压闪变	20 dB	0.254	—	—	0.252 1	0.365	—	—	0.363 9	0.15	—	—	0.145 2
电压脉冲	无噪	0.158	0.157 0	0.156 3	0.157 6	0.160	0.1595	0.159 3	0.160 1	1.15	1.102 4	1.112 0	1.144 2
电压脉冲	20 dB	0.158	—	—	0.157 2	0.160	—	—	0.160 4	1.15	—	—	1.143 9

扰动类型	扰动起始时刻/s		扰动终止时刻/s		扰动幅值/p.u.		扰动频率/Hz
扰动类型	理论值	实测值	理论值	实测值	理论值	实测值	理论值	实测值
电压暂降	0.254	0.252 9	0.365	0.366 1	0.50	0.495 2	*	*
暂态振荡	0.672	0.669 3	0.750	0.748 2	0.70	0.701 2	500	499.23
三次谐波	0.254	0.253 1	0.365	0.364 0	0.225	0.224 1	150	150.12
五次谐波	0.254	0.252 3	0.365	0.363 6	0.225	0.223 7	250	249.41

扰动类型	扰动起始时刻/s		扰动终止时刻/s		扰动幅值/p.u.		扰动频率/Hz
扰动类型	理论值	实测值	理论值	实测值	理论值	实测值	理论值	实测值
电压暂降	0.150	0.148 2	0.250	0.251 5	0.70	0.692 1	*	*
暂态谐波(3)	0.325	0.319 1	0.445	0.443 2	1.20	1.188 4	150	149.34
暂态谐波(7)	0.325	0.316 0	0.445	0.442 6	0.60	0.594 7	350	351.03