Experimental Platform Development and Characteristics Analysis of External Short Circuit in Lithium-ion Batteries

doi:10.11985/2021.01.014

Abstract

Abstract:

Battery safety, as a key factor, restricts the development of electric vehicles (EVs). Safety incidents caused by batteries have attracted much public attention in recent years. External short circuit (ESC) is one of the reasons of safety incidents in EVs, and it is also one of the reasons that trigger the thermal runaway of batteries. ESC test platforms for commercialized lithium-ion battery cells and packs are developed. Under different initial state of charge, ambient temperature, short-circuit resistance values, short-circuit durations, and aging conditions, systematic ESC experiments on battery cells and packs are conducted. The influence of initial conditions on battery electro-thermal characteristics is studied and the failure principle of ESC batteries is revealed. The research in this paper will provide data support for the establishment of the ESC fault database, and study of modeling, fault diagnosis and temperature prediction of ESC, which will further lay the foundation for the safety management of lithium-ion batteries for EVs.

Key words: Electric vehicle, lithium-ion batteries, external short circuit, experiments of external short circuit, characteristics of external short circuit

CLC Number:

U469

YANG Ruixin, XIONG Rui, SUN Fengchun. Experimental Platform Development and Characteristics Analysis of External Short Circuit in Lithium-ion Batteries[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2021, 16(1): 103-118.

Figures/Tables 22

References 23

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参数	数值
正极材料	Li(Ni_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3)O₂
标称容量/(mA·h)	2 450
工作电压/V	4.2~3.0
标称电压/V	3.7
最大充电电流	1 C
最大放电电流	3 C

初始SOC	短路时间 /s	放电容量 /(A·h)	最大温升/℃	容量测试/(A·h)
20%	10.0	0.128	25.35	2.40
	20.0	0.236	46.28	2.38
	30.0	0.318	61.55	2.40
	40.0	0.391	68.05	2.41
	50.0	0.454	79.33	2.34
	58.3	0.515	91.28	—
50%	10.0	0.175	35.73	2.42
	20.0	0.335	64.38	2.40
	30.0	0.450	83.20	2.28
	35.8	0.514	91.45	—
80%	10.0	0.189	37.08	2.40
	20.0	0.368	68.33	2.35
	30.0	0.490	79.90	2.12
	31.8	0.508	102.28	—