Research on Electric Vehicle User-Side Optimization V2G Control Strategy in Parking Lot

Abstract

Abstract:

The problem how to realize EV user′s profit maximization is studied when V2G is operating in parking lot. Several electric services are compared from user′s side, and services suitable for V2G are found. Aiming at low power charging and V2G frequency regulation, taking profit maximization as the objective function, V2G control strategy based on optimal contract is proposed considering the effect of frequent charging and discharging on EV battery degradation. Finally, a computing example is given and profit analysis is conducted for single EV user and V2G parking lot.

Key words: Electric vehicle, parking lot, user-side optimization, V2G control strategy

CLC Number:

TM74

Liu Xiaofei,Cui Shumei,Li Jintang,Gao Weifeng,Xu Shiming. Research on Electric Vehicle User-Side Optimization V2G Control Strategy in Parking Lot[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2015, 10(10): 44-51.

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References 11

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服务类型	持续时长	方向切换频繁程度	响应时间	连续间断
基本负荷	24h	低	—	连续
调峰	3?5h	低	<1h	间断
旋转备用	10min~2h	低	<10min	间断
非旋转备用	10min~2h	低	<30min	间断
二次调频	10~15min	高	<5min	连续

参数	意义
tkarr	用户到达时间
tkdep	用户预计离开时间
SOCk(0)	电动汽车初始SOC
SOCkE	离开时,期望电池SOC
SOCkH	电池SOC最高限值
SOCkL	电池SOC最低限值
Capkbattery/kW·h	电动汽车电池标称容量

参数	意义
k	第k辆电动汽车
TkV2G / h	V2G有效服务时段区间
SOCk(t)	电池SOC随时间变化值
N(t) /辆	停车场内电动汽车的数量
Akdis(t) / kW	t时刻,可用调频功率（放电）
Ak ch(t) / kW	t时刻,可用调频功率（充电）
Pmax ch / kW	最大充电功率
Pmax dis / kW	最大放电功率
POPk(t) / kW	充放电基点功率
πRD(t) / ($/kW·h)	向下调频服务电价
πRU(t) / ($/kW·h)	向上调频服务电价
πe(t) / ($/kW·h)	能量电价
WkE(t) / kW·h	各时段能量的均变化量
η	充放电效率
Sref(t)	规一化的调频控制指令
Ech	向下调频发生概率的期望值
Edis	向上调频发生概率的期望值
	（续）
fch	向下调频发生概率
fdis	向上调频发生概率
CostkV2G / $	电池损耗成本
J k(t) / $	第k辆车在t时段内的收益
J ktotal / $	停车期间电动汽车的总收益

电动汽车参数	数值
电池类型	Li-ion
储能容量/ kW·h	24
续驶里程/ km	160
行驶效率/ (km/kW·h)	6.7

区域	净收益/$	调频收益/$	充电支出/$	电池损耗/$
工商业区	317.8	601.2	-12.4	-271.0
居民区	116.5	567.5	-68.4	-382.7