A Fuel Cell Equivalent Model for the Synthetic Load and Its Parameters Sensitivity Analysis

Abstract

Abstract:

The SOFC (solid oxide fuel cell) and its grid-connected system is established base on Matlab/Simulink, and the external characteristics of SOFC power systems is researched; then a equivalent model of SOFC power generation system is proposed from the perspective of external characteristic equivalent fitting and ignoring the reactive power of the SOFC generation system. This equivalent model has a simple structure, less parameters, can be identified easily. It can fit the external characteristics of SOFC power systems effectively in the case of large disturbance and continuous small disturbance of power system, compared with other equivalent models, this model can simulate the limit of the fuel cell’s output; the synthesis load model multiplied with equivalent model is used to fitting the characteristics of power synthesis load containing the SOFC power systems, examples show that this generalized load model can describe the load characteristic of distribution network with fuel cell power generation system, and identification result of it’s parameters are stability.

Key words: Fuel cell, equivalent model, synthesis load modeling, sensitivity analysis

CLC Number:

TM714

Li Peiqiang,Zeng Xiaojun,Li Xinran,Li Longgui,Xiao Yaning,Zheng Liuliu. A Fuel Cell Equivalent Model for the Synthetic Load and Its Parameters Sensitivity Analysis[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2015, 10(10): 21-29.

Figures/Tables 22

Fig.1

Tab.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Fig.7

Tab.2

Fig.8

Fig.9

Tab.3

Tab.4

Fig.10

Fig.11

Tab.5

Tab.6

References 18

[1]	鞠平, 马大强 . 电力系统负荷建模[M]. 2版.中国电力出版社, 2008.
[2]	Ellis M W, Von Spakovsky M R, Nelson D J. Fuel cell systems:efficient,flexible energy conversion for the 21st century[J]. Proceedings of the IEEE, 2001,89(12):1808-1818. doi: 10.1109/5.975914
[3]	Gilbert M Masters . Renewable and efficient electric power systems[M]. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2004.
[4]	梁才浩, 段献忠 . 分布式发电及其对电力系统的影响[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2001,25(12):53-56.
	Liang Caihao, Duan Xianzhong . Distributed generation and its impact on power system[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2001,25(12):53-56.
[5]	钱军, 李欣然, 王玲 , 等. 面向负荷建模的光伏电池和燃料电池建模及其等效描述[J]. 电网技术, 2011,35(4):135-142.
	Qian Jun, Li Xinran, Wang Ling, et al. Load modeling oriented modeling of photovoltaic cell and fuel cell and its equivalent description[J]. Power System Technology, 2011,35(4):135-142.
[6]	王玲, 李欣然, 马亚辉 , 等. 燃料电池发电系统的机电动态模型[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2011,31(22):40-47.
	Wang Ling, Li Xinran, Ma Yahui , et al. Dynamic model of fuel cell power generating system[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2011,31(22):40-47.
[7]	张剑, 孙元章, 彭晓涛 , 等. 含有固体氧化物燃料电池的广义负荷建模[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2011,31(4):78-84.
	Zhang Jian, Sun Yuanzhang, Peng Xiaotao , et al. Generalized load modeling with solid oxide fuel cell considered[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2011,31(4):78-84.
[8]	马亚辉, 李欣然, 徐振华 , 等. 一种逆变并网型分布式电源统一模型[J]. 电工技术学报, 2013,28(9):145-154.
	Ma Yahui, Li Xinran, Xu Zhenhua , et al. A unified model of grid-connected distributed generation through inverters[J]. Transaction of China Electrotechnical Society, 2013,28(9):145-154.
[9]	李欣然, 李小菊, 马亚辉 , 等. 一种含燃料电池发电系统的广义综合负荷模型[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2012,36(22):44-49,107.
	Li Xinran, Li Xiaoju, Ma Yahui , et al. A generalized synjournal load model considering fuel cell generation system[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2012,36(22):44-49, 107.
[10]	孙国霞, 张剑, 吴海江 . 包含多种分布式电源的广义负荷模型辨识与适应性研究[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2013,41(4):105-111. doi: 10.7667/j.issn.1674-3415.2013.04.018
	Sun Guoxia, Zhang Jian, Wu Haijiang . A synjournal load model with distribution network[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2013,41(4):105-111. doi: 10.7667/j.issn.1674-3415.2013.04.018
[11]	Y H Li, S S Choi, Rajakaruna S. An analysis of the control and operation of a solid oxide fuel-cell power plant in an isolated system[J]. IEEE Transaction on Energy Conversion, 2005,20(2):381-387. doi: 10.1109/TEC.2005.847998
[12]	周念成, 李春艳, 王强钢 , 等. 固体氧化物燃料电池发电系统建模与控制[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2012,40(1):120-126. doi: 10.7667/j.issn.1674-3415.2012.01.021
	Zhou Niancheng, Li Chunyan, Wang Qianggang , et al. Modeling and control strategy of solid oxide fuel cell generation system[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2012,40(1):120-126. doi: 10.7667/j.issn.1674-3415.2012.01.021
[13]	王建华, 张方华, 龚春英 , 等. 滞环电流控制逆变器建模及分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2010,25(6):63-69.
	Wang Jianhua, Zhang Fanghua, Gong Chunying , et al. Modeling and analysis of inverter with hysteretic current control[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2010,25(6):63-69.
[14]	杨伟, 林弘, 赵虎 . 燃料电池并网控制策略研究[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2011,39(21):132-137. doi: 10.7667/j.issn.1674-3415.2011.21.025
	Yang Wei, Lin Hong, Zhao Hu . Research on the control strategy to connect fuel cells with power grid[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2011,39(21):132-137. doi: 10.7667/j.issn.1674-3415.2011.21.025
[15]	李欣然, 金群, 刘艳阳 , 等. 遗传策略的综合改进及其在负荷建模中的应用[J]. 电网技术, 2006,30(11):40-46.
	Li Xinran, Jin Qun, Liu Yanyang , et al. Synthetic improvements of genetic strategies and their application in power load modeling[J]. Power System Technology, 2006,30(11):39-46.
[16]	黄玉龙, 陈迅, 刘明波 , 等. 动态负荷模型参数辨识的微分进化算法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2013,28(11):270-277.
	Huang Yulong, Chen Xun, Liu Mingbo , et al. Differential evolution algorithm for dynamic load model parameter identification[J]. Transaction of China Electrotechnical Society, 2013,28(11):270-277.
[17]	张红斌, 贺仁睦, 刘应梅 . 感应电动机负荷模型参数解析灵敏度分析及参数辨识策略研究[J]. 电网技术, 2004,28(6):10-14.
	Zhang Hongbin, He Renmu, Liu Yingmei . Analysis on parameter analytic sensitivity of induction motor load model and parameter identification strategy[J]. Power System Technology, 2004,28(6):10-14.
[18]	王吉利, 贺仁睦, 马进 . 配网侧接入电源对负荷建模的影响[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2007,31(20):22-26.
	Wang Jili, He Renmu, Ma Jin . Impact of connecting power sources on load modeling in a distribution network[J]. Automation of Electric Power System, 2007,31(20):22-26.

参数	物理含义	参数取值
T	电池工作温度	1 273K
F	法拉第常数	96.487×106C/kmol
R	通用气体常数	8 314J/(kmol K)
P	电池堆系统压力	1atm
E0	理想标准电动势	1.18V
N0	燃料电池堆的串联个数	1 400
Kr	常数,Kr = N0/(4F)	0.996×10-6kmol/(s·A)
KH2	氢气阀摩尔数	8.43×10-4kmol/(s·atm)
KH2O	水蒸气的阀摩尔数	2.81×10-4kmol/(s·atm)
KO2	氧气的阀摩尔数	2.52×10-3kmol/(s·atm)
τH2	氢气流的响应时间	26.1s
τH2O	水蒸气响应时间	78.3s
τO2	氧气流的响应时间	2.91s
rH-O	氢与氧的比例	1.145

扰动	U	T	Ku	残差
大扰动	-20%	24.961	1.125	4.017e-3
	-40%	22.173	1.175 0	6.597e-3
	-60%	17.538	1.234 0	8.612e-3
连续小扰动	-5%,+9%,-7%,+3%	27.322	1.206 9	4.866e-3
均方差	–	4.009 1	0.075 1	–

负荷水平	Psys(pu)	PSOFC(pu)	PIM(pu)	PS(pu)
1	0.82	0.63	0.95	0.5
2	–0.38	1.83	0.95	0.5

负荷水平	Xs	Rs	Xr	Rr	Tj	Xm	Km	KSOFC	T	Ku	Er
1（10%电压跌落）	0.121	0.001	0.198	0.010 0	1.610	6.952	0.675	0.421	26.51	1.115	0.001 61
1（20%电压跌落）	0.143	0.001	0.191	0.015 2	1.413	7.335	0.656	0.424	25.06	1.135	0.002 01
1（40%电压跌落）	0.125	0.001	0.20	0.011 0	1.363	6.814	0.648	0.425	23.19	1.172	0.002 50
2（10%电压跌落）	0.124	0.001	0.255	0.013 4	1.069	6.856	0.645	1.271	27.1	1.225	0.001 81
2（20%电压跌落）	0.131	0.001	0.250	0.017 4	1.065	6.536	0.650	1.275	25.0	1.125	0.003 15
2（40%电压跌落）	0.127	0.001	0.249	0.013 2	1.022	6.401	0.650	1.274	22.8	1.176	0.003 65
标准差	0.007 8	0	0.030 3	0.002 7	0.239 8	0.328 6	0.010 89	0.465 5	1.719	0.041 1	–

负荷水平	内插10%	外推40%
1	2.514e - 3	5.262e - 3
2	3.597e - 3	5.871e - 3