考虑混合储能调频死区的自适应下垂控制策略*

doi:10.11985/2021.04.027

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了优化混合储能参与电网一次调频,提出一种考虑混合储能调频死区的自适应下垂控制策略。采用超级电容和蓄电池组成的混合储能设备,根据各储能元件的特点,为了充分发挥其作用,将混合储能的调频死区设置在火电机组死区内,超级电容的调频死区设置在蓄电池死区内,不仅能提高调频效果,还能有效减少火电机组动作次数;基于Logistic函数,建立储能设备荷电状态(State of charge, SOC)与下垂系数的关系,利用自适应下垂控制策略参与电网一次调频,有效防止储能设备发生过充或过放现象;最后利用Matlab/Simulink进行仿真分析,结果证明该控制策略可以有效提高调频效果,改善频率质量,稳定储能设备荷电状态。

关键词: 混合储能, 调频死区, 一次调频, 自适应下垂控制, 荷电状态

Abstract:

In order to optimize the hybrid energy storage participating in the primary frequency regulation of power grid, an adaptive droop control strategy considering the dead band of hybrid energy storage is proposed. According to the characteristics of each energy storage element, in order to give full play to its role, the frequency regulation dead zone of the hybrid energy storage is set in the thermal power unit, and the frequency regulation dead zone of the super capacitor is set in the battery, which can not only improve the frequency regulation effect, but also effectively reduce the frequent action of the thermal power unit. Then, based on the Logistic function, the relationship between the state of charge (SOC) of energy storage equipment and the droop coefficient is established, and the adaptive droop control strategy is used to participate in the primary frequency regulation of power grid, to effectively prevent the energy storage equipment from overcharging or discharging; Finally, Matlab/Simulink is used for simulation, and the results show that the proposed control strategy can effectively improve the frequency regulation effect, improve the frequency quality and stabilize the state of charge of energy storage equipment.

Key words: Hybrid energy storage, dead band, primary frequency regulation, adaptive droop control, state of charge

中图分类号:

TM732

方红艳, 马平. 考虑混合储能调频死区的自适应下垂控制策略^*[J]. 电气工程学报, 2021, 16(4): 213-222.

FANG Hongyan, MA Ping. Adaptive Droop Control Strategy Considering Frequency Modulation Dead Band of Hybrid Energy Storage[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2021, 16(4): 213-222.

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仿真参数	仿真取值	仿真参数	仿真取值
K_G	25	M	10
T_G	0.3	D	2
F_HP	0.5	T_SC	0.2
T_RH	10	T_B	0.3
T_CH	0.3

调频死区		$RM{S_f}$	$RM{S_{SOC{\rm{ - }}SC}}$	$RM{S_{SOC{\rm{ - }}B}}$	火电机组出力时间比例(%)	$\left\| {\Delta {P_G}} \right\|$/p.u.
超级电容	蓄电池	$RM{S_f}$	$RM{S_{SOC{\rm{ - }}SC}}$	$RM{S_{SOC{\rm{ - }}B}}$	火电机组出力时间比例(%)	$\left\| {\Delta {P_G}} \right\|$/p.u.
20%DB	20%DB	0.012 0	0.135 1	0.088 9	0	0
	40%DB	0.015 5	0.166 4	0.070 5	0	0
	60%DB	0.019 1	0.186 9	0.061 9	0	0
	80%DB	0.022 6	0.197 6	0.050 6	47.99	0.005 7
	100%DB	0.023 8	0.204 2	0.026 2	58.84	0.032 6
40%DB	40%DB	0.017 7	0.131 6	0.085 1	0	0
	60%DB	0.021 0	0.162 8	0.062 3	0	0
	80%DB	0.024 6	0.184 3	0.050 3	47.39	0.003 9
	100%DB	0.026 9	0.194 9	0.026 4	60.91	0.032 8
60%DB	60%DB	0.023 2	0.126 0	0.080 1	0	0
	80%DB	0.026 7	0.159 2	0.054 0	89.93	0.002 9
	100%DB	0.028 9	0.176 0	0.025 0	91.66	0.051 9
80%DB	80%DB	0.028 7	0.114 3	0.071 0	98.73	0.026 7
80%DB	100%DB	0.030 5	0.147 9	0.028 7	98.94	0.088 7
100%DB	100%DB	0.032 2	0.070 1	0.047 7	99.36	0.158 5

调频方法	Δf/Hz	t_m/s	Δt/s	$\left\| {{v_m}} \right\|$/(Hz/s)
无储能	-0.269 5	3.018	2.018	0.133 5
现有策略	-0.101 5	1.721	0.721	0.140 7
本文策略	-0.057 2	1.907	0.907	0.063 1